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Improving Adhesion Properties Between Rubber Compound and Brass-Plated Steel Cord by the Addition of Epoxidized Natural Rubber to Rubber Compound
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, May 1998, 15(3), 317-323(7), 10.1007/BF02707087
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Abstract
The adhesion between a rubber compound containing epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and a brass-plated steel cord was studied to shed light on the role of ENR for the improvement of adhesion. The addition of ENR in the rubber compound caused cure rate to decrease, and as ENR loading increased, modulus and hardness increased while tensile strength and elongation at break decreased. An improvement of adhesion was obvious with low loading of ENR at the range of 2 phr, while an adverse effect was observed with higher concentrations of 10 phr. Since the ratio of sulfur to copper at the interphase of the rubber compound/brass film adhesion sample increases with increased ENR loading up to 2 phr, the acceleration of sulfide formation by ENR could be proven. Adequate curing of rubber and the formation of high-molecular layer at the interphase by addition of small amount of ENR improve adhesion. However, the toughening of the rubber caused by the addition of larger amounts of ENR degrades the adhesion due to the poor physical properties of the rubber compound.
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References
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van Ooij WJ, Rubber Chem. Technol., 51, 52 (1978)
van Ooij WJ, Kleinhesselink A, Appl. Surf. Sci., 4, 324 (1980)
van Ooij WJ, Weening WE, Murray PF, Rubber Chem. Technol., 54, 227 (1981)
van Ooij WJ, Rubber Chem. Technol., 57, 421 (1984)
van Ooij WJ, Biemond MEF, Rubber Chem. Technol., 57, 686 (1984)
van Ooij WJ, Giridhar J, Ahn JH, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst., 44, 348 (1991)
Boscott DA, Lehrle RS, Eur. Polym. J., 26, 201 (1990)
Coppens W, Chambaere D, Lievens H, "Study of Brass Rubber Interface Evolution by Means of Intact Reaction Layer Probing," Presented at the Rubbercon'87 Meeting of Plastics and Rubber Institute, Harrogate, UK, June 45A (1987)
Haemers G, Mollet J, J. Elast. Plast., 10, 241 (1978)
Hammer GE, Shemenski RM, Hunt JD, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 12(4), 2388 (1994)
Ishikawa Y, Rubber Chem. Technol., 57, 855 (1984)
Jeon GS, Kim YM, Seo G, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 36(2), 179 (1998)
Kurbatov GG, Beshenkov VG, Zaporozchenko VI, Surf. Interface Anal., 17, 779 (1991)
Kurbatov GG, Zaporozchenko VI, Gorayev VM, Gofman AM, Kukharenko YA, Goryaev VM, Mittwoch Sektion B, 26, 161 (1991)
Lievens H, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst., 39, 122 (1986)
Seo G, Kim MH, Jeon GS, Oh SC, Noh IK, HWAHAK KONGHAK, 28(1), 77 (1990)
Seo G, Chae KH, Kim MH, "Enhacing Method for Adhesion Force Between Steel Cord and Rubber Compounds," Korea Patent, No. 053770 (1992)
Seo G, Chae KH, Jeon GS, "Enhancing Method for Physical Properties of Rubber Compounds with Addition of Poly (Glycidyl Methacrylate)," Korea Patent, No. 064200 (1993)
Seo G, J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 11(11), 1433 (1997)
van Ooij WJ, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst., 30, 739 (1977)
van Ooij WJ, Rubber Chem. Technol., 51, 52 (1978)
van Ooij WJ, Kleinhesselink A, Appl. Surf. Sci., 4, 324 (1980)
van Ooij WJ, Weening WE, Murray PF, Rubber Chem. Technol., 54, 227 (1981)
van Ooij WJ, Rubber Chem. Technol., 57, 421 (1984)
van Ooij WJ, Biemond MEF, Rubber Chem. Technol., 57, 686 (1984)
van Ooij WJ, Giridhar J, Ahn JH, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst., 44, 348 (1991)
