Articles & Issues

Language: English

Conflict of Interest: In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Publication history: Received October 10, 2002
Accepted December 9, 2002

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

All issues

Monodisperse Micron-sized Polystyrene Particles by Seeded Polymerization Using Reactive Macrosurfactants

Chan-Ho Kim Jin-Gyu Park¹ Jin-Woong Kim Jung-Bae Jun¹ Jong-Heon Park² Kyung-Do Suh^1†

Cosmetics Research Institute, Pacific Corporation R&D Center, 314-1, Bora-ri, Kiheung-eup,Yongin-si, Kyunggi-do 449-900, Korea ¹Division of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea ²Department of Chemical Engineering, Samchok National University, Samchok, Kangwon-do 245-711, Korea

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, March 2003, 20(2), 399-406(8), 10.1007/BF02697258

Download PDF

Abstract

Monodisperse micron-sized polystyrene particles could be prepared through a two-staged seeded swelling and polymerization method using reactive surfactants. The seed was obtained by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization. To prepare conventional surfactant-free monomer emulsion droplet in swelling process, a tri-block diol diacrylate (t-BDDA), which is poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) tri-block copolymer containing two chain ends capped with acryloyl chloride, was employed as a reactive surfactant instead of conventional surfactants. Thermodynamic consideration of the effect of monomer droplet size and interfacial tension on the swelling process ensured that two-staged monomer swelling could be effectively performed by using t-BDDA as a surface-active macromonomer. From the surface tension measurement and optical microscope observation, it was found that the t-BDDA had a favorable surface activity when the monomer emulsion was prepared under its cloud point. From the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it was found that most of the t-BDDA resided on the final particle surfaces.

Keywords

Monodisperse Micron-Sized Polystyrene Particles Seeded Polymerization tri-Block Diol Diacrylate (t-BDDA) Swelling Process Surface-Active Macromonomer

References

Alexandridis P, Hatton TA, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 96, 1 (1995)
Asua JM, "Polymeric Dispersions: Principles and Applications," Kluwer, Dordrecht (1997)
El-Aasser MS, Fitch RM, "Future Directions in Polymer Colloids," NATO ASI Series, Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht (1987)
Hurter PN, Scheutjens JMHM, Hatton TA, Macromolecules, 26, 5030 (1993)
Kim JW, Ko JY, Suh KD, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 22, 257 (2001)
Lindman B, Carlsson A, Karlstrom G, Malmsten M, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 32, 183 (1990)
Linse P, Macromolecules, 26, 4437 (1993)
Okubo M, Nakagawa T, Colloid Polym. Sci., 270, 853 (1992)
Okubo M, Ise E, Yamashita T, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 36(14), 2513 (1998)
Okubo M, Shiozaki M, Tsujihiro M, Tsukuda Y, Colloid Polym. Sci., 269, 222 (1991)
Okubo M, Yamashita T, Shiozaki M, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60(7), 1025 (1996)
Taylor P, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 75, 107 (1998)
Ugelstad J, Berge A, Ellingsen T, Schmid R, Nilsen TN, Mork PC, Stenstad P, Hornes E, Olsvik O, Prog. Polym. Sci., 17, 87 (1992)
Ugelstad J, Kaggerud KH, Hansen FK, Berge A, Makromol. Chem., 180, 737 (1979)
Ugelstad J, Mork PC, Kaggerud KH, Ellingsen T, Berge A, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 13, 101 (1980)
Vanderhoff JW, El-Aasser MS, Micale FJ, Sudol ED, Tseng CM, Silwanowicz A, Kornfeld DM, Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 54, 587 (1986)
Vanderhoff JW, El-Aasser Ms, Micale FJ, Sudol ED, Tseng CM, Silwanowicz A, Kornfeld DM, Vincente FA, J. Disper. Sci. Technol., 5, 231 (1984)