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Received May 25, 2005
Accepted November 22, 2005
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Conversion of used vegetable oils to liquid fuels and chemicals over HZSM-5, sulfated zirconia and hybrid catalysts
1Energy Research Institute, Thailand 2Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand 3, Thailand
Witchakorn.C@Chula.ac.th
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, May 2006, 23(3), 349-355(7), 10.1007/BF02706733
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Abstract
Thailand’s food manufacturing uses about 47 Million liters per year of vegetable oil. Used vegetable oil is classified as waste, but has potential for conversion into liquid fuel. This research studied the catalytic conversion of used vegetable oil to liquid fuel, where investigation was performed in a batch microreactor over a temperature range of 380-430 °C, initial pressure of hydrogen gas over 10-20 bars, and reaction time of 45-90 minutes. Catalysts such as HZSM-5, Sulfated Zirconia and hybrid of HZSM-5 with Sulfated Zirconia were used to determine the conversion and yield of gasoline fraction. The major products obtained were liquid products, hydrocarbon gases and small amounts of solids. Liquid products were analyzed by simulated distillation gas chromatograph and the product distribution was obtained. Hybrid catalyst HZSM-5 with Sulfated Zirconia showed the highest yield of gasoline with a 26.57 wt% at a temperature of 430 °C, initial hydrogen pressure at 10 bars, and reaction time of 90 minutes in the ratio of hybrid HZSM-5 with Sulfated Zirconia at 0.3 : 0.7.
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Charusiri W, Vitidsant T, J. Energy, 5, 58 (2003)
Hino M, Kaboyashi S, Arata K, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 101(21), 6439 (1979)
Idem RO, Katikaneni SPR, Bakhshi NN, Fuel Process. Technol., 51(1), 101 (1997)
Katada N, Endo J, Notsu K, Yasunobu N, Naito N, Niwa M, J. Phys. Chem., 104, 10321 (2000)
Paul BV, Fluid catalytic cracking with zeolite catalysts, USA, Marcel Dekker (1979)
Satterfield CN, Heterogeneous catalysis in industrial practice (2nded.), USA, McGraw-Hill (1991)
Twaiq FA, Zabidi NAM, Bhatia S, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 38(9), 3230 (1999)
Twaiq FA, Zabidi NAM, Mohamed AR, Bhatia S, Fuel Process. Technol., 84, 105 (2003)
Yadav GD, Nair JJ, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 33(1), 1 (1999)
Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Tieney JW, Wender I, Fuel Process. Technol., 83, 67 (2003)
