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Received December 1, 2006
Accepted April 12, 2007
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Dissolution kinetics of calcined ulexite in ammonium carbonate solutions
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Inonu UniversityAs m, Malatya 44280, Turkey 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Turkey
akunkul@inonu.edu.tr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, November 2007, 24(6), 947-952(6), 10.1007/s11814-007-0103-x
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Abstract
The leaching kinetics of calcined ulexite in ammonium carbonate was studied in this work. The effect of parameters of ammonium carbonate concentration, solid/liquid ratio, stirring speed, calcination temperature and reaction temperature was determined in the experiments. It was found that the conversion rate increased with increasing ammonium carbonate concentration, reaction temperature and decreasing solid/liquid ratio. However, the effect of stirring speed on the conversion rate was insignificant. The experimental data practised the heterogeneous and homogeneous models, and an acceptable model for the conversion rates of ulexite was determined to be a first-order pseudohomogeneous reaction model. The activation energy of dissolution process was determined to be 35.3 kJ/mol.
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Temur H, Yartasi A, Copur M, Kocakerim MM, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 39(11), 4114 (2000)
Kunkul A, Tunc M, Yapici S, Ersahan H, Kocakerim MM, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 36(11), 4847 (1997)
Ersahan H, Tunc M, Ekmekyapar A, Yapici S, Thermochim. Acta, 250(1), 125 (1995)
Sener S, Ozbayoglu G, Demirci S, Thermochim. Acta, 362(1-2), 107 (2000)
Arslan F, Arslan C, Celik MS, Powder Technol., 103(3), 260 (1999)
Sener S, Ozbayoglu G, Miner. Eng., 8(6), 697 (1995)
Cheng RY, Xia SP, Feng SH, Gao SY, Chin. J. Inorg. Chem., 15(1), 125 (1999)
Kunkul A, Demirkiran N, Baysar A, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 42(5), 982 (2003)
Alkan M, Cifci C, Ayaz F, Dogan M, Can. Metall. Q., 39(4), 433 (2000)
Alkan M, Dogan M, Namli H, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43(7), 1591 (2004)
Tekin G, Onganer Y, Alkan M, Can. Metall. Q., 37(2), 91 (1998)
Tunc M, Yapici S, Kocakerim MM, Yartasi A, Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q., 15(4), 175 (2001)
Kucuk O, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 23(1), 21 (2006)
ZareNezhad B, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 21(5), 956 (2004)
Scott WW, Standart methods of chemical analysis, Van Nostrand, USA (1963)
Levenspiel O, Chemical reaction engineering, 2nd Ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York (1972)
