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Received April 10, 2007
Accepted August 7, 2007
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Dispersion polymerization of NVCA in compressed liquid dimethyl ether in the presence of PDMS-g-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid: Effects of initiators
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea 1R&D Institute, Miwon Commercial Co., Ltd., 405-3, Moknae-dong, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi 425-100, Korea
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2008, 25(4), 854-860(7), 10.1007/s11814-008-0141-z
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Abstract
Dispersion polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (NVCA) was performed in compressed liquid dimethyl ether with PDMS-g-pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid (Monasil PCATM) as the surfactant and with 2,2'-azobis(2,4-Dimethylvaleronitrile) (V-65), 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (V-60) (AIBN) and dimethyl 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate) (V-601) as the initiators. The effects of polymerization temperature, initiator types and initiator concentration were investigated. Spherical poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) particles were produced, even at 40 ℃, by the low-temperature initiator, 2,2'-azobis(2,4-Dimethylvaleronitrile) (V-65). Through low-temperature polymerization with V-65, we successfully obtained high molecular weight PVK.
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References
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Hendrickx E, Volodin BL, Steele DD, Maldonado JL, Wang JF, Kippelen B, Peyghambarian N, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, 1159 (1997)
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Odian GG, VPrinciples of polymerization, 3rd edn., John Wiley & Sons (1993)
Lee CJ, Kim DH, Oh JM, Park KH, Kim N, Ji BC, Lyoo WS, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 76(10), 1558 (2000)
Bobbo S, Scattolini M, Fedele L, Camporese R, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47(6), 1363 (2002)
Semelsberger TA, Borup RL, Greene HL, J. Power Sources, 156(2), 497 (2006)
Wu JT, Liu ZG, Wang FK, Ren C, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 48, 1571 (2003)
Wu JT, Liu ZG, Pan J, Zhao XM, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 49, 32 (2004)
Wu JT, Liu ZG, Wang B, Pan J, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 49, 704 (2004)
Oh KS, Bae W, Kim H, Polymer, 48(6), 1450 (2007)
Desimone JM, Maury EE, Menceloglu YZ, Mcclain JB, Romack TJ, Combes JR, Science, 265(5170), 356 (1994)
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Cao K, Yu J, Li BG, Li BF, Pan ZR, Chem. Eng. J., 78(2-3), 211 (2000)
Sudol ED, In: Asua, J. M. editor. Polymeric dispersions: Principles and application, The Netherlands, Kluwer 141 (1997)