Articles & Issues
- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
-
Received October 22, 2008
Accepted March 23, 2009
- This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © KIChE. All rights reserved.
All issues
Exposure assessment of engineered nanomaterials in the workplace
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea 1National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-170, Korea 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-701, Korea
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, November 2009, 26(6), 1630-1636(7), 10.1007/s11814-009-0238-z
Download PDF
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field and numerous products containing engineered nanomaterials are already in the market. With the increasing use of engineered nanomaterials, it is expected to increase the exposures to nanomaterials in the workplace. However, the researches on the exposure assessment of nanomaterials to humans and the environment are just a beginning step, as the nanotechnology industries are expanding. Questionnaire surveys_x000D_
conducted by various organizations reveal that many nanotechnology companies are searching for information on exposure measurement for the protection of workers who handle nanomaterials. We analyze the trends of researches on the occupational exposure measurement of engineered nanomaterials and investigate the methodologies of exposure assessment recommended by the related working groups. This work is expected to fill the gaps in knowledge on the exposure assessment of nanomaterials.
References
NOSH, US (2007) Nanoparticle Occupational Safety and Health (NOSH) Consortium Executive Summary (http://www.hse.gov.uk/horizons/nanotech/consortiumsummary.pdf).
Kim Y, Yi J, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 25(2), 383 (2008)
Friedrichs S, Schulte J, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mat., 8, 12 (2007)
The Federal Council, Swiss (2008) Action plan “Synthetic Nanomaterials” (http://www.bafu.admin.ch/php/modules/shop/files/pdf/phpYbXMwh.pdf).
Nanoforum, EU (2004) Outcome of the Open Consultation on the European Strategy for Nanotechnology (http://www.nanoforum.org/dateien/temp/nanosurvey6.pdf).
BAuA, Germany (2008) Exposure to nanomaterials in Germany (http://www.baua.de/nn_49456/en/Topics-from-A-to-Z/Hazardous-Substances/Nanotechnology/pdf/survey.pdf).
Helland A, Scheringer M, Siegrist M, Kastenholz HG, Wiek A, Scholz RW, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 640 (2008)
ICON, US (2007) A Survey of Current Practices in the Nanotechnology Workplace (http://cohesion.rice.edu/CentersAndInst/ICON/emplibrary/ICONNanotechSurveyFullReduced.pdf).
NIOSH, US (1977) Occupational exposure sampling strategy manual (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/77-173/pdfs/77-173.pdf).
Department of Energy (DOE), US (1998) Implementation guide for use with DOE order 440.1 “Occupational exposure assessment” (http://www.hss.energy.gov/HealthSafety/WSHP/be/guide/g440-1_3.pdf).
IFCS Forum VI (2008) Nanotechnology and manufactured Nanomaterials: Opportunities and Challenges (http://www.who.int/entity/ifcs/documents/standingcommittee/nano_04.doc).
ISO (2007) Health and safety practices in occupational settings relevant to nanotechnologies.
EPA, US (2007) Nanotechnology White Paper (http://es.epa.gov/ncer/nano/publications/whitepaper12022005.pdf).
David Rejeski (2008) Looking Back on the First Two Years (http://www.nanotechproject.org/process/assets/files/5928/nano_2yearreport_1.pdf).
Environmental Defense and DuPont Corporation (2007) Nano Risk Framework (http://www.edf.org/documents/6496_Nano%20Risk %20Framework.pdf).
IOM, UK (2004) Nanoparticles: An occupational hygiene review (http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr274.pdf).
BAuA, Germany (2007) Working Program 2007-2010 (http://www.baua.de/nn_35724/en/About-BAuA/pdf/Working-Programme-2007-2010.pdf).
Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany (2007) Nano-Care - INOS - TRACER Projects of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) on health aspects of synthetic nanoparticles (http://www.nanopartikel.info/fileadmin/user_upload/Flyer/nanocare-flyer_englisch.pdf).
Nordic Council of Ministers, Denmark (2008) Evaluation and control of occupational health risks from nanoparticles (http://norden.org/pub/miljo/miljo/sk/TN2007581.pdf).
OECD (2008) Current Developments in Manufactured Nanomaterials in Korea (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/46/13/40466271.pdf).
OECD (2008) Current Developments in Manufactured Nanomaterials in Japan (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/46/54/40464609.pdf).
NEDO, Japan (2008) Research and Development of Nanoparticle Characterization Methods (http://www.nedo.go.jp/kankobutsu/pamphlets/bio/nanoryuushi2008e.pdf).
OECD (2008) Current Developments in Manufactured Nanomaterials in China (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/1/63/40463983.pdf).
Environment Canada, Canada (2005) Canadian Stewardship Practices for Environmental Nanotechnology (http://www.science-metrix.com/pdf/SM_2004_016_EC_Executive_Stewarship_Nanotechnology_Environment.pdf).
Kruis FE, Fissan H, Peled A, J. Aerosol Sci., 29(5), 511 (1998)
BAuA, Germany (2007) Guidance for Handling and Use of Nanomaterials at the Workplace (http://www.baua.de/nn_49456/en/Topicsfrom-A-to-Z/Hazardous-Substances/Nanotechnology/pdf/guidance.pdf).
W. Luther (2004) Technological Analysis, Industrial Application of Nanomaterials-Chances and Risks. Future Technologies Division. VDI Technologiezentrum GmbH, Dusseldorf.
Bae E, Kwak BK, Yi J, J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis, 11, 207 (2008)
NIOSH, US (2006) NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation Report (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports/pdfs/2005-0291-3025.pdf).
Ostraat ML, Swain KA, Krajewski JJ, J. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 5, 390 (2008)
Han JH, Lee EJ, Ji HS, Kang P, Lee YH, Bae GN, Lee SB, Ji JH, Cho MH, Yu IJ, Inhal. Toxicol., 20, 8741 (2008)
Methner MM, Birch ME, Evans DE, Ku BK, Crouch K, Hoover MD, J. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 4, D125 (2007)
Kim Y, Yi J, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 25(2), 383 (2008)
Friedrichs S, Schulte J, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mat., 8, 12 (2007)
The Federal Council, Swiss (2008) Action plan “Synthetic Nanomaterials” (http://www.bafu.admin.ch/php/modules/shop/files/pdf/phpYbXMwh.pdf).
Nanoforum, EU (2004) Outcome of the Open Consultation on the European Strategy for Nanotechnology (http://www.nanoforum.org/dateien/temp/nanosurvey6.pdf).
BAuA, Germany (2008) Exposure to nanomaterials in Germany (http://www.baua.de/nn_49456/en/Topics-from-A-to-Z/Hazardous-Substances/Nanotechnology/pdf/survey.pdf).
Helland A, Scheringer M, Siegrist M, Kastenholz HG, Wiek A, Scholz RW, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 640 (2008)
ICON, US (2007) A Survey of Current Practices in the Nanotechnology Workplace (http://cohesion.rice.edu/CentersAndInst/ICON/emplibrary/ICONNanotechSurveyFullReduced.pdf).
NIOSH, US (1977) Occupational exposure sampling strategy manual (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/77-173/pdfs/77-173.pdf).
Department of Energy (DOE), US (1998) Implementation guide for use with DOE order 440.1 “Occupational exposure assessment” (http://www.hss.energy.gov/HealthSafety/WSHP/be/guide/g440-1_3.pdf).
IFCS Forum VI (2008) Nanotechnology and manufactured Nanomaterials: Opportunities and Challenges (http://www.who.int/entity/ifcs/documents/standingcommittee/nano_04.doc).
ISO (2007) Health and safety practices in occupational settings relevant to nanotechnologies.
EPA, US (2007) Nanotechnology White Paper (http://es.epa.gov/ncer/nano/publications/whitepaper12022005.pdf).
David Rejeski (2008) Looking Back on the First Two Years (http://www.nanotechproject.org/process/assets/files/5928/nano_2yearreport_1.pdf).
Environmental Defense and DuPont Corporation (2007) Nano Risk Framework (http://www.edf.org/documents/6496_Nano%20Risk %20Framework.pdf).
IOM, UK (2004) Nanoparticles: An occupational hygiene review (http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr274.pdf).
BAuA, Germany (2007) Working Program 2007-2010 (http://www.baua.de/nn_35724/en/About-BAuA/pdf/Working-Programme-2007-2010.pdf).
Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany (2007) Nano-Care - INOS - TRACER Projects of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) on health aspects of synthetic nanoparticles (http://www.nanopartikel.info/fileadmin/user_upload/Flyer/nanocare-flyer_englisch.pdf).
Nordic Council of Ministers, Denmark (2008) Evaluation and control of occupational health risks from nanoparticles (http://norden.org/pub/miljo/miljo/sk/TN2007581.pdf).
OECD (2008) Current Developments in Manufactured Nanomaterials in Korea (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/46/13/40466271.pdf).
OECD (2008) Current Developments in Manufactured Nanomaterials in Japan (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/46/54/40464609.pdf).
NEDO, Japan (2008) Research and Development of Nanoparticle Characterization Methods (http://www.nedo.go.jp/kankobutsu/pamphlets/bio/nanoryuushi2008e.pdf).
OECD (2008) Current Developments in Manufactured Nanomaterials in China (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/1/63/40463983.pdf).
Environment Canada, Canada (2005) Canadian Stewardship Practices for Environmental Nanotechnology (http://www.science-metrix.com/pdf/SM_2004_016_EC_Executive_Stewarship_Nanotechnology_Environment.pdf).
Kruis FE, Fissan H, Peled A, J. Aerosol Sci., 29(5), 511 (1998)
BAuA, Germany (2007) Guidance for Handling and Use of Nanomaterials at the Workplace (http://www.baua.de/nn_49456/en/Topicsfrom-A-to-Z/Hazardous-Substances/Nanotechnology/pdf/guidance.pdf).
W. Luther (2004) Technological Analysis, Industrial Application of Nanomaterials-Chances and Risks. Future Technologies Division. VDI Technologiezentrum GmbH, Dusseldorf.
Bae E, Kwak BK, Yi J, J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis, 11, 207 (2008)
NIOSH, US (2006) NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation Report (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports/pdfs/2005-0291-3025.pdf).
Ostraat ML, Swain KA, Krajewski JJ, J. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 5, 390 (2008)
Han JH, Lee EJ, Ji HS, Kang P, Lee YH, Bae GN, Lee SB, Ji JH, Cho MH, Yu IJ, Inhal. Toxicol., 20, 8741 (2008)
Methner MM, Birch ME, Evans DE, Ku BK, Crouch K, Hoover MD, J. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 4, D125 (2007)