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Received June 17, 2009
Accepted July 13, 2009
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
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Removal of nitrogen in wastewater by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-immobilization of effective microorganisms
School of Display & Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, January 2010, 27(1), 193-197(5), 10.1007/s11814-009-0330-4
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Abstract
To remove nitrogen and carbon simultaneously from municipal wastewater, a mixture of effective microorganisms (EM) was immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel beads. The modified PVA beads with calcium alginate show characteristic pores and mechanical stability and flexibility. The EM-immobilized PVA system was established in a 3 L sequential batch reactor (SBR) with a synthetic wastewater and operated at an HRT of 12 h with COD loading rate of 0.5-2.4 g COD/L·d. In this system, intermittent aeration is more efficient than continuous aeration, and_x000D_
removal rates of COD and total nitrogen (T-N) were increased as the feed COD/N ratio was increased from 1.9 to 5.6. At an optimal condition, 73% of total nitrogen and 93% of COD were stably removed at a COD loading rate lower than 2.4 g COD/L·d and at 3 : 1 ratio of aerobic time to anoxic time.
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Chiu YC, Lee LL, Chang CN, Chao AC, Int. Biodeter. Biodegr., 59, 1 (2007)
Peng YZ, Zhu GB, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 73(1), 15 (2006)
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Leenen EJTM, Dos Santos VAP, Grolle KCF, Tramper J, Wijffels R, Water Res., 30, 2985 (1996)
Chen KC, Chen SJ, Houng JY, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 18(7), 502 (1996)
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Kishida N, Kim J, Tsuneda S, Sudo R, Water Res., 40, 2303 (2006)
Krouwel PG, Immobilized cells for solvent production, Delft University (1982)
