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Received July 6, 2008
Accepted July 3, 2009
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Experimental and modeling approach to study separation of water in crude oil emulsion under non-uniform electrical field
1Chemical Engineering Department, Mazandaran University, Mazandaran, Iran 2Iranian Offshore Oil Company (IOOC), Lavan Island, Iran 3Iranian Offshore Oil Company (IOOC), Khark Island, Iran
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, January 2010, 27(1), 198-205(8), 10.1007/s11814-009-0324-2
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Abstract
In many ways, the use of high electrostatic fields in the separation of water-in-oil emulsions is a mature technology, with most developments arising from attempts to improve the process of crude oils, in terms of the separation of water, salt or other hydrophilic impurities. In this way, different mechanisms have been proposed until now and several parameters have been studied to estimate the level of separation. In this work, after a review of the process and its application, new results are presented for AC currents under non-uniform electrical fields (dielectrophoresis)_x000D_
on the water-in-crude oil emulsion. Then the effects of voltage, temperature, volume fraction and API are studied on degree of separation. Finally, a correlation is presented among these parameters by an experimental model.
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Miksis MJ, Phys. Fluids, 24, 1967 (1981)
Taylor G, Proc. R. Soc. A, 280, 383 (1964)
Kim JY, Song MG, Kim JD, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 223(2), 285 (2000)
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Mohammed RA, Bailey AI, Luckham PF, Taylor SE, Colloids Surf. A, 83, 261 (1994)
Mohammed RA, Bailey AI, Luckham PF, Taylor SE, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 80, 223 (1993)
Jones TJ, Neustadter EL, Whittingham KP, J. Can. Pet. Technol., 17, 100 (1978)
Wasan DT, Destabilization of water-in-oil emulsions, In Emulsion’s A Fundamental and Practical Approach; Sjoblom J, Ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 283 (1992)
Cairns RJR, Grist DM, Neustadter EL, Theory and practice of emulsion technology, Smith AL, Ed., Academic Press, New York, 135 (1974)
Kimbler OK, Reed RL, Silberberg IH, SPE J., 153 (1966)
Taylor SE, Chem. Ind., 20, 770 (1992)
Urdahl O, Sjoblom J, J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 16, 557 (1995)
Mohammed RA, Bailey AI, Luckham PF, Taylor SE, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 91, 129 (1994)
Shetty CS, Nikolov AD, Wasan DT, J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 13, 121 (1992)
Lissant KJ, Demulsification: Industriel application, Surfactant Science Series, Vol. 13, Marcel Dekker, New York (1983)
Sun D, Jong SC, Duan XD, Zhou D, Colloids Surf. A, 150, 69 (1999)
Goto M, Irie J, Kondo K, Nakashio F, J. Chem. Eng. Japan, 22, 401 (1989)
Ino HN, Imaishi M, Hozawa, Fujinawa K, Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu, 9, 263 (1983)
Kriechbaumer A, Marr R, Macro- and Micro-emulsion (ACS Symp. Ser, 272, Ed. By D.O. Shah). Am. Chem. Soc., U.S.A, 381 (1985)
Yamaguchi M, Kobayashi A, Katayama T, Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu, 11, 729 (1985)
Yoshizuka K, Kondo K, Nakashio F, J. Chem. Eng. Japan, 19, 396 (1986)
Taylor SE, Trans. IChemE, 74, 526 (1996)
Eley DD, Hey MJ, Lee MA, Colloids Surf., 24, 173 (1987)
Johansen EJ, Skjarvo IM, Lund T, Sjoblom J, Soderlund H, Bostrom G, Colloids Surf., 34, 353 (1989)
Kim YH, Wasan DT, Breen PJ, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 95, 235 (1995)
Mansurov IR, Il’yasova EZ, Vygovskoi VP, Chem. Technol. Fuels Oils, 23, 96 (1987)
Boussingault JB, Ann. Chem. Phys., 64, 141 (1837)
Ali LH, Al-Ghannam KA, Fuel, 60, 1043 (1981)
Fuhr BJ, Cathrea C, Coates L, Kalra H, Majeed AI, Fuel, 70, 1293 (1991)
Joshi NB, Mullins OC, Jamaluddin A, Creek J, McFadden J, Energy Fuels, 15(4), 979 (2001)
Hirschberg A, DeJong LNJ, Schipper BA, Meijer JG, Soc. Pet. Eng. J., 24, 283 (1984)
Laux H, Rahimian I, Browarzik D, Petroleum Science and Technology, 19, 1155 (2001)
Sheu EY, J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 8, A125 (1996)
Pelet R, Behar F, Monin J, Org. Geochem., 10, 481 (1985)
Yen TF, Fuel Sci. Technol. Int., 10, 723 (1992)
Fordedal H, Midttun O, Sjoblom J, Kvalheim OM, Schildberg Y, Volle JL, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 182(1), 117 (1996)
Mackay GDM, McLean AY, Betancourt OJ, Johnson BD, J. Inst. Pet., 59, 164 (1973)
Sjoblom J, Urdahl O, Hoiland H, Christy AA, Johansen EJ, Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci., 82, 131 (1990)
Sjoblom J, Urdahl O, Borve KGN, Mingyuan L, Saeten JO, Christy AA, Gu T, Adv. Colloid Interf. Sci., 41, 241 (1992)
Sheu EY, Storm DA, Shields MB, Fuel, 74, 1475 (1995)
Chen CT, Maa JR, Yang YM, Chang CH, Surf. Sci., 406, 167 (1998)
Man CC, Pacek AW, Nienow AW, IChemE Jubilee Res. Event, 356 (1997)
Sun DZ, Duan XD, Li WX, Zhou D, J. Membr. Sci., 146(1), 65 (1998)
Isaacs EE, Chow RS, Adv. Chem. Ser., 231, 251 (1992)
Rommel W, Meon W, Blass E, Sep. Sci. Technol., 27, 129 (1992)
Bhardwaj A, Hartland S, J. Disp. Sci. Technol., 15, 133 (1994)
Friberg SE, Jones S, Emulsions, in: Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology, Inc. Vol. 9, 4th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 393 (1996)
Williams TJ, Bailey AG, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., 1A-22, 536 (1986)
Pohl HA, J. Appl. Phys., 22, 869 (1951)
Pohl HA, Dielectrophoresis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1978 (1983)
Benguigui L, Lin IJ, J. Appl. Phys., 53, 1141 (1983)
Waterman LC, Chem. Eng. Prog., 61, 51 (1965)
Atten P, J. Electrostatics, 30, 259 (1993)
Miksis MJ, Phys. Fluids, 24, 1967 (1981)
Taylor G, Proc. R. Soc. A, 280, 383 (1964)
Kim JY, Song MG, Kim JD, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 223(2), 285 (2000)
Kim BY, Moon JH, Sung TH, Yang SM, Kim JD, Sep. Sci. Technol., 37(6), 1307 (2002)
Mohammed RA, Bailey AI, Luckham PF, Taylor SE, Colloids Surf. A, 83, 261 (1994)
