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Received July 1, 2009
Accepted November 12, 2009
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Effect of added ionomer on morphology and properties of PP/organoclay nanocomposites
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea 1Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
ahnnet@snu.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, February 2010, 27(2), 705-715(11), 10.1007/s11814-010-0104-z
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Abstract
Ethylene-methacrylic acid ionomer (Surlyn) with concentration up to 20 wt% based on total weight of polymer resin was added into polypropylene (PP)/organoclay hybrids. The microstructure, rheological properties, crystallization properties and mechanical properties of the obtained nanocomposites have been investigated. The addition of ionomer markedly enlarged interlayer spacing of the platelets and led to an improved degree of exfoliation. Moreover,_x000D_
clay silicates were found to selectively disperse either inside the ionomer phase or at the phase boundary. Compared to the binary immiscible blends, an improved interfacial adhesion was achieved for PP/Surlyn/OMMT hybrids. Unlike PP/Surlyn binary blends, the viscoelastic properties of the hybrids significantly increased with increasing Surlyn concentration, which could be attributed to the improved clay dispersion and the contribution of silicate layers at the_x000D_
interface between PP and Surlyn. A synergistic role between Surlyn and clay was also found to suppress the crystallization of PP matrix. In addition, PP/Surlyn/OMMT hybrids exhibited superior tensile strain compared to the corresponding PP/PP-g-MA/OMMT. Both tensile strength and elongation at break showed maximum at Surlyn concentration of 5 wt%. By comparing the experimental tensile yield strength with model prediction, it was suggested that the clay platelets_x000D_
localized at the interface could play a role of interfacial activation to some extent.
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Hao XY, Gai GS, Lu FY, Zhao XJ, Zhang YH, Liu JP, Yang YF, Gui DY, Nan CW, Polymer, 46(10), 3528 (2005)
Lim JW, Hassan A, Rahmat AR, Wahit MU, Polym. Inter., 55, 204 (2006)
Tjong SC, Bao SP, Hang GD, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 43(21), 3112 (2005)
The data were provided by the supplier.
Li JM, Ton-That MT, Tsai SJ, Polym. Eng. Sci., 46(8), 1060 (2006)
Si M, Araki T, Ade H, Kilcoyne ALD, Fisher R, Sokolov JC, Rafailovich MH, Macromolecules, 39(14), 4793 (2006)
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Yarusso DJ, Cooper SL, Polymer, 26, 371 (1985)
Register RA, Yu XH, Cooper SL, Polym. Bull., 22, 565 (1989)
Barber GD, Calhoun BH, Moore RB, Polymer, 46(17), 6706 (2005)
Chisholm BJ, Moore RB, Barber G, Khouri F, Hempstead A, Larsen M, Olson E, Kelley J, Balch G, Caraher J, Macromolecules, 35(14), 5508 (2002)
Lee JA, Kontopoulou M, Parent JS, Polymer, 46(14), 5040 (2005)
Parent JS, Liskova A, Resendes R, Polymer, 45(24), 8091 (2004)
Bhiwankar NN, Weiss RA, Polymer, 46(18), 7246 (2005)
Bhiwankar NN, Weiss RA, Polymer, 47(19), 6684 (2006)
Govindaiah P, Mallikarjuna SR, Ramesh C, Macromolecules, 39(21), 7199 (2006)
Svoboda P, Zeng CC, Wang H, Lee LJ, Tomasko DL, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 85(7), 1562 (2002)
Perrin-Sarazin F, Ton-That MT, Bureau MN, Denault J, Polymer, 46(25), 11624 (2005)
Kim B, Lee SH, Lee D, Ha B, Park J, Char K, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43(19), 6082 (2004)
Somwangthanaroj A, Lee EC, Solomon MJ, Macromolecules, 36(7), 2333 (2003)
Nowacki R, Monasse B, Piorkowska E, Galeski A, Haudin JM, Polymer, 45(14), 4877 (2004)
Chiu FC, Lai SM, Chen JW, Chu PH, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 42(22), 4139 (2004)
Kim GM, Michler GH, Polymer, 39(23), 5699 (1998)
Dasari A, Yu ZZ, Mai YW, Polymer, 46(16), 5986 (2005)
Dasari A, Yu ZZ, Yang M, Zhang QX, Xie XL, Mai YW, Comp. Sci. Technol., 66, 3097 (2006)
Nielsen LE, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 10, 97 (1966)
Nicolais L, Narkis M, Polym. Eng. Sci., 11, 194 (1971)
Nicolais L, Narkis M, Polym. Eng. Sci., 10, 97 (1971)
Kolarik J, Agrawal GL, Krulis Z, Kovar J, Polym. Compos., 7, 463 (1986)
Nielsen LE, Landel RF, in Mechanical properties of polymers and composites, Marcel Dekker, New York, 378 (1994)
