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Received March 8, 2009
Accepted October 27, 2009
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Thiosalicylic acid as a devulcanizing agent for mechano-chemical devulcanization
1Program of Petrochemistry and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand 3Center of Excellence for Petroleum, Petrochemical, and Advanced Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand 4Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
sirilux.p@chula.ac.th
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2010, 27(4), 1177-1183(7), 10.1007/s11814-010-0168-9
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Abstract
A mechano-chemical devulcanization process for vulcanized natural rubber (NV) was investigated. Thiosalicylic acid was used as a test devulcanizing agent in comparison to diphenyl disulfide as the reference. The optimum condition for devulcanization of NR vulcanizates (NVs) was found to be grinding of the NV and subsequent mixing with a selected devulcanizing agent at 140 ℃ for 30 min. The degree of devulcanization was indicated by using sol-gel fractions of the devulcanized rubber (DVR). Revulcanized rubber was made by using virgin natural rubber (NR) containing DVR at different ratios. The tensile strength of the DVR/NV composite, after revulcanization, decreased by 5-10%, while the elongation at brake was improved by 5-10% at a DVR content of 5-15%. Devulcanization of industrial truck tires, as a typical sample of industrial products, was also demonstrated for the practical application of this_x000D_
technique.
Keywords
References
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Klingensmith B, Rubber World., 203, 16 (1991)
Klingensmith W, Baranwal K, Rubber World., 218, 41 (1998)
Novotny DS, Marsh RL, Masters FC, Tally DN, US patent, 4, 104205 (1978)
Scuracchio CH, Waki DA, Silva MLCP, J. Therm. Anal.Calorim., 87, 893 (2007)
Pelofsky AH, US patent, 3,725,314 (1973)
Isayev AI, Chen J, Tukachinsky A, Rubber Chem. Technol., 68, 267 (1995)
Yun J, Oh JS, Isayev AI, Rubber Chem. Technol., 74, 317 (2001)
Feng WL, Isayev AI, Polym. Eng. Sci., 46(1), 8 (2006)
Tapale M, Isayev AI, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 70(10), 2007 (1998)
Adhikari B, De D, Maiti S, Prog. Polym. Sci., 25, 909 (2000)
Kojima M, Ogawa K, Mizoshima H, Tosaka M, Kohjiya S, Ikeda Y, Rubber Chem. Technol., 76, 957 (2003)
Kojima M, Tosaka M, Ikeda Y, Green Chem., 6, 84 (2004)
Kojima M, Kohjiya S, Ikeda Y, Polymer, 46(7), 2016 (2005)
Kojima M, Tosaka M, Ikeda Y, Kohjiya S, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 95(1), 137 (2005)
Kershaw JR, Fuel, 77(9), 1113 (1998)
Tsuchii A, Suzuki T, Takeda K, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 50, 965 (1985)
Holst O, Stenberg B, Christiansson M, Biodegradation., 9, 301 (1998)
Kim JK, Park JW, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 72(12), 1543 (1999)
Bredberg K, Persson J, Christiansson M, Stenberg B, Holst O, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 55(1), 43 (2001)
Sato S, Honda Y, Kuwahara M, Kishimoto H, Yagi N, Muraoka K, Watanabe T, Biomacromolecules, 5(2), 511 (2004)
Jana GK, Das CK, Macromol. Res., 13(1), 30 (2005)
Jana GK, Das CK, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 44, 1399 (2005)
Jana GK, Mahaling RN, Das CK, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 99(5), 2831 (2006)
Flory PJ, Rehner JJ, J. Chem. Phys., 11, 521 (1943)
Sheehan CJ, Bisio AL, Rubber Chem. Technol., 39, 149 (1966)
Blow CM, Hepburn C, Rubber technology and manufacture., Cooper W, Doyle GM, Hepburn C, Sweet GC, Eds., Butterworth Scientific, London (1982)
Brydson JA, Rubbery material and their compounds., Elsevier Applied Science, New York (1988)
Cavalieri F, Padella F, Cataldo F, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 90(6), 1631 (2003)
Lee KH, Shin DH, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 23(2), 209 (2006)
Tasakorn P, Amatyakul W, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 25(6), 1532 (2008)
De D, Das A, De D, Dey B, Debnath SC, Roy BC, Eur.Polym. J., 42, 917 (2006)
