Articles & Issues
- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
-
Received January 30, 2010
Accepted March 15, 2010
-
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © KIChE. All rights reserved.
All issues
An on-line infrared spectroscopic system with a modified multipath White cell for direct measurements of N2O from NH3-SCR reaction
Department of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, 15 Naeri, Jillyang, Gyeongsan 712-714, Korea 1Department of Display and Chemical Engineering, Kyungil University, 33 Buho, Hayang, Gyeongsan 712-701, Korea
moonkim@daegu.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, November 2010, 27(6), 1730-1737(8), 10.1007/s11814-010-0296-2
Download PDF
Abstract
An on-line, continuous IR-based N2O measurement system has been developed by combining with a variable multipath “White cell” to avoid a huge amount of the well-known artifact errors in actual N2O concentrations determination when analyzing grab samples taken from stationary sources, such as fossil fuel-fired power plants. For solving the problems confronted in earlier stages of this study, the gas cell had to have modifications of the feed through of gas sample flows, the multilayer coatings of stainless steel mirrors, and the thermal efficiency to provide high cell inner temperatures in flowing gas samples. These modifications allow good tolerance of the gas cell to gases and chemicals, such as NOx and NH3, and NH4NO3 driven from them, and its usage for a long lifetime even under harsh conditions. They also offer excellent performance not only in directly determining the extent of N2O formation during the course of NH3-SCR reaction over a sample of a commercial V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst, but also in simultaneously monitoring_x000D_
changes in concentrations of NO, NO2 and NH3 during the reaction. Each reference peak was chosen in gasphase spectra for N2O, NOx, NH3 and H2O, and CO2 as a possible interference, and the modified gas cell was finely tuned to obtain their spectra with a high resolution under optimal operating conditions. The catalyst gave significant amounts of N2O formation at reaction temperatures greater than 350 ℃, and attention should be paid to the possibility of N2O production from commercial NH3-SCR deNOx processes with V2O5/TiO2-based catalysts.
Keywords
References
Kroeze C, Sci. Total Environ., 152, 189 (1994)
Centi G, Perathoner S, Vazzana F, Chemtech, 29, 48 (1999)
Perez-Ramirez J, Kapteijn F, Bruckner A, J. Catal., 218(1), 234 (2003)
Doi K, Wu YY, Takeda R, Matsunami A, Arai N, Tagawa T, Goto S, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 35(1), 43 (2001)
Leckner B, Lyngfelt A, Int. J. Energy Res., 26(13), 1191 (2002)
Lietti L, Nova I, Ramis G, Dall'Acqua L, Busca G, Giamello E, Forzatti P, Bregani F, J. Catal., 187(2), 419 (1999)
Madia G, Elsener M, Koebel M, Raimondi F, Wokaun A, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 39(2), 181 (2002)
Martin JA, Yates M, Avila P, Suarez S, Blanco J, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 70(1-4), 330 (2007)
Yates M, Martin JA, Martin-Luengo MA, Suarez S, Blanco J, Catal. Today, 107/108, 120 (2005)
Suarez S, Martin JA, Yates M, Avila R, Blanco J, J. Catal., 229(1), 227 (2005)
Lietti L, Nova I, Forzatti P, Top. Catal., 11/12, 111 (2000)
Singoredjo L, Korver R, Kapteijn F, Moulijn J, Appl. Catal. B, 1, 297 (1992)
Sjovall H, Olsson L, Fridell E, Blint RJ, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 64(3-4), 180 (2006)
Hao WM, Wofsy SC, McElroy MB, Beer JM, Toqan MA, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 3098 (1987)
Kramlich JC, Cole JA, McCarthy JM, Lanier WS, McSorley JA, Combust. Flame, 77, 375 (1989)
Muzio LJ, Kramlich JC, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 1369 (1988)
Muzio LJ, Teague ME, Kramlich JC, Cole JA, McCarthy JM, Lyon RK, J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc., 39, 287 (1989)
Hulgaard T, Dam-Johansen K, Environ. Progr., 11, 302 (1992)
Linak WP, McSorley JA, Hall RE, Ryan JV, Srivastava R, Wendt JOL, Mereb JB, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 7533 (1990)
Gutierrez MJF, Baxter D, Hunter C, Svoboda K, Waste Manage. Res., 23, 133 (2005)
Lee YH, Kim MH, Unpublished results.
Kim KH, Lee YH, Kim MH, Ham SW, Lee SM, Lee JB, in Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Environmental Catalysis, Belfast, Aug. 31-Sep. 3, 2008, Paper # 450.
Lee YH, Kim MH, Ham SW, in Proceedings of 21st North American Catalysis Society Meeting, San Francisco, CA, June 7-12, 2009, Paper # P-M-143.
Nova I, Ciardelli C, Tronconi E, Chatterjee D, Weibel M, Top. Catal., 42/43, 43 (2007)
Stelson AW, Seinfeld JH, Atmos. Environ., 16, 983 (1982)
Koebel M, Madia G, Elsener M, Catal. Today, 73(3-4), 239 (2002)
Feick G, Hainer RM, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 76, 5860 (1954)
Lee YH, Kim MH, Ham SW, Appl. Spectrosc., Submitted (2010)
Rosenmann L, Khalil B, Le Doucen R, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 57, 477 (1997)
Griffith DWT, Galle B, Atmos. Environ., 34, 1087 (2000)
Stallard BR, Espinoza LH, Rowe RK, Garcia MJ, Niemczyk TM, J. Electrochem. Soc., 142(8), 2777 (1995)
White JU, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 32, 285 (1942)
Nova I, Ciardelli C, Tronconi E, Chatterjee D, Bandl-Konrad B, AIChE J., 52(9), 3222 (2006)
Djerad S, Crocoll M, Kureti S, Tifouti L, Weisweiler W, Catal. Today, 113(3-4), 208 (2006)
Centi G, Perathoner S, Vazzana F, Chemtech, 29, 48 (1999)
Perez-Ramirez J, Kapteijn F, Bruckner A, J. Catal., 218(1), 234 (2003)
Doi K, Wu YY, Takeda R, Matsunami A, Arai N, Tagawa T, Goto S, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 35(1), 43 (2001)
Leckner B, Lyngfelt A, Int. J. Energy Res., 26(13), 1191 (2002)
Lietti L, Nova I, Ramis G, Dall'Acqua L, Busca G, Giamello E, Forzatti P, Bregani F, J. Catal., 187(2), 419 (1999)
Madia G, Elsener M, Koebel M, Raimondi F, Wokaun A, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 39(2), 181 (2002)
Martin JA, Yates M, Avila P, Suarez S, Blanco J, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 70(1-4), 330 (2007)
Yates M, Martin JA, Martin-Luengo MA, Suarez S, Blanco J, Catal. Today, 107/108, 120 (2005)
Suarez S, Martin JA, Yates M, Avila R, Blanco J, J. Catal., 229(1), 227 (2005)
Lietti L, Nova I, Forzatti P, Top. Catal., 11/12, 111 (2000)
Singoredjo L, Korver R, Kapteijn F, Moulijn J, Appl. Catal. B, 1, 297 (1992)
Sjovall H, Olsson L, Fridell E, Blint RJ, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 64(3-4), 180 (2006)
Hao WM, Wofsy SC, McElroy MB, Beer JM, Toqan MA, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 3098 (1987)
Kramlich JC, Cole JA, McCarthy JM, Lanier WS, McSorley JA, Combust. Flame, 77, 375 (1989)
Muzio LJ, Kramlich JC, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 1369 (1988)
Muzio LJ, Teague ME, Kramlich JC, Cole JA, McCarthy JM, Lyon RK, J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc., 39, 287 (1989)
Hulgaard T, Dam-Johansen K, Environ. Progr., 11, 302 (1992)
Linak WP, McSorley JA, Hall RE, Ryan JV, Srivastava R, Wendt JOL, Mereb JB, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 7533 (1990)
Gutierrez MJF, Baxter D, Hunter C, Svoboda K, Waste Manage. Res., 23, 133 (2005)
Lee YH, Kim MH, Unpublished results.
Kim KH, Lee YH, Kim MH, Ham SW, Lee SM, Lee JB, in Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Environmental Catalysis, Belfast, Aug. 31-Sep. 3, 2008, Paper # 450.
Lee YH, Kim MH, Ham SW, in Proceedings of 21st North American Catalysis Society Meeting, San Francisco, CA, June 7-12, 2009, Paper # P-M-143.
Nova I, Ciardelli C, Tronconi E, Chatterjee D, Weibel M, Top. Catal., 42/43, 43 (2007)
Stelson AW, Seinfeld JH, Atmos. Environ., 16, 983 (1982)
Koebel M, Madia G, Elsener M, Catal. Today, 73(3-4), 239 (2002)
Feick G, Hainer RM, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 76, 5860 (1954)
Lee YH, Kim MH, Ham SW, Appl. Spectrosc., Submitted (2010)
Rosenmann L, Khalil B, Le Doucen R, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 57, 477 (1997)
Griffith DWT, Galle B, Atmos. Environ., 34, 1087 (2000)
Stallard BR, Espinoza LH, Rowe RK, Garcia MJ, Niemczyk TM, J. Electrochem. Soc., 142(8), 2777 (1995)
White JU, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 32, 285 (1942)
Nova I, Ciardelli C, Tronconi E, Chatterjee D, Bandl-Konrad B, AIChE J., 52(9), 3222 (2006)
Djerad S, Crocoll M, Kureti S, Tifouti L, Weisweiler W, Catal. Today, 113(3-4), 208 (2006)
