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Received February 6, 2010
Accepted April 6, 2010
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Kinetics studies of dimethyl carbonate synthesis from urea and methanol over ZnO catalyst
1State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China 2Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
weiwei@sxicc.ac.cn
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, November 2010, 27(6), 1744-1749(6), 10.1007/s11814-010-0306-4
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Abstract
A kinetic experiment of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) synthesis by urea methanol over ZnO catalyst was carried out in an isothermal fixed-bed reactor. A kinetic model based on the mole fraction was proposed and the kinetic parameters were estimated from the experimental results. The model predictions were compared with the experimental data and fair agreements were found. The effects of the reaction temperature (443-473 K), space time (0-4.7 h mol^(-1)kg(cat)) and urea mass percent (5-9%) in feed on DMC mole fraction were investigated. It was found that the reactions are mainly influenced by the reaction temperature and space time rather than urea mass percent in feed. The experimental and simulated results indicated that the reaction from MC to DMC was the rate-controlling step in the DMC synthesis process from urea and methanol. It is important to remove the DMC and byproduct ammonia to achieve a high selectivity of DMC. This implies that reactive distillation might be used in the DMC synthesis on an industrial scale to achieve a higher selectivity of DMC.
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References
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