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Received November 26, 2009
Accepted June 2, 2010
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Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution by activated carbon prepared from cashew nut shell as a new low-cost adsorbent
Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai 603 110, India 1Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118-5674, U.S.A., USA
senthilkumarp@ssn.edu.in, senthilchem8582@gmail.com
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, January 2011, 28(1), 149-155(7), 10.1007/s11814-010-0342-0
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Abstract
Methylene blue dye was adsorbed on an adsorbent prepared from cashew nut shell. A batch adsorption study was carried out with variable adsorbent amount, initial dye concentration, contact time and pH. Studies showed that the pH of aqueous solutions affected dye removal as a result of removal efficiency increased with increasing solution pH. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Koble-Corrigan, Toth, Temkin, Sips and Dubinin-Radushkevich models of adsorption using MATLAB 7.1. The experimental data yielded excellent fits within the following isotherm order: Redlich-Peterson>Toth>Sips>Koble-Corrigan>Langmuir>Temkin>Dubinin-Radushkevich>Freundlich, based on its correlation coefficient values. Three simplified kinetic models including a pseudofirst-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion equations were selected to follow the adsorption process. It was shown that the adsorption of methylene blue could be described by the pseudo-second-order equation. The results indicate that cashew nut shell activated carbon could be employed as a low cost alternative to commercial activated carbon in the removal of dyes from wastewater.
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Sing KS, Everett DH, Haul RAW, Moscou L, Pierotti RA, Rouquerol J, Pure Appl. Chem., 57, 603 (1985)
Wang SB, Li L, Wu HW, Zhu ZH, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 292(2), 336 (2005)
Hameed BH, Mahmoud DK, Ahmad AL, J. Hazard. Mater., 158(1), 65 (2008)
Wong Y, Yu J, Water Res., 33, 3512 (1999)
Langmuir I, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 40, 1361 (1918)
Freundlich HMF, J. Phys. Chem., 57, 385 (1906)
Redlich O, Peterson DL, J. Phys. Chem., 63, 1024 (1959)
Koble RA, Corrigan TE, Ind. Eng. Chem., 44, 383 (1952)
Toth J, Acta Chim. Acad. Sci. Hung., 69, 311 (1961)
Temkin MJ, Pyzhev V, Acta Physicochim. URSS., 12, 217 (1940)
Volesky B, Hydrometallurgy., 71, 179 (2003)
Dubinin MM, Radushkevich LV, Chem. Zentr., 1, 875 (1947)
Lagregren S, Kungl. Sven. Veten. Akad. Handl., 24, 1 (1898)
Ho YS, McKay G, Process Biochem., 34(5), 451 (1999)
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