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Received June 21, 2011
Accepted July 8, 2011
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Pyrolysis properties and kinetics of mandarin peel
Young-Min Kim1 2
Hyung Won Lee1
See-Hoon Lee3
Seong-Soo Kim3
Sung Hoon Park4
Jong-Ki Jeon5
Seungdo Kim6
Young-Kwon Park1 7†
1Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Korea 2Young In Scientific Co., Seoul 135-891, Korea 3Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 303-343, Korea 4Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea 5Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 331-717, Korea 6Department of Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea 7School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Korea
catalica@uos.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, October 2011, 28(10), 2012-2016(5), 10.1007/s11814-011-0177-3
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Abstract
The thermal property of the pyrolysis reaction of mandarin peel was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thermogravimetric analyses with temperature increases of 10, 20 and 40℃ /min showed large weight losses within the temperature range 150-590℃. Differential thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis curves illustrated that the pyrolysis of mandarin peel was a multi-step process, consisting of water desorption, the decomposition of pectin, hemicellulose,_x000D_
cellulose and lignin, and devolatilization of the residual char. The apparent activation energies ranged between 119 and 406 kJ/mol, depending on the pyrolytic conversion. The pyrolysis products were analyzed, using pyrolyzergas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), to evaluate mandarin peel as a renewable source of valuable industrial chemicals. The pyrolysis products of mandarin peel contained high portions of methanol and acetic acid, as well as valuable compounds, such as limonene and vitamin E.
Keywords
References
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Liu Q, Wang S, Wang K, Luo Z, Cen K, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 26, 548 (2010)
Jeon MJ, Choi SJ, Yoo KS, Ryu C, Park SH, Lee JM, Jeon JK, Park YK, Kim S, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 28(2), 497 (2011)
Yang SJ, JeJu Special Self-Governing Province Research Paper (2007)
Heo HS, Park HJ, Dong JI, Park SH, Kim S, Suh DJ, Suh YW, Kim SS, Park YK, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 16(1), 27 (2010)
Aguiar L, Marquez-Montesinos F, Gonzalo A, Sanchez JL, Arauzo J, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 83, 124 (2008)
Miranda R, Bustos-Martinez D, Sosa Blanco C, Gutierrez Villarreal MH, Rodriguez Cantu ME, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 86, 245 (2009)
Marin FR, Solar-Rivas C, Benavente-Carcia O, Castillo J, Perez-Alvarez JA, Food Chem., 100, 736 (2007)
Chen B, Chen Z, Chemosphere., 76, 127 (2009)
Vyazovkin S, Thermochim. Acta, 355(1-2), 155 (2000)
Brown ME, Introduction to thermal analysis: Techniques and applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2001)
Kim SS, Agblevor FA, Waste Manage., 27, 135 (2007)
Kim SS, Chun BH, Kim SH, Chem. Eng. J., 93(3), 225 (2003)
Liou TH, Chang FW, Lo JJ, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 36(3), 568 (1997)
Friedman HL, J. Polym. Sci., 6, 183 (1963)
Vamvuka D, Kakaras E, Kastanaki E, Grammelis P, Fuel., 82, 1949 (2003)
Einhorn-Stoll U, Kunzek H, Food Hydrocolloids., 23, 40 (2009)
Fisher T, Hajalogol M, Waymack B, Kellogg D, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 62, 331 (2002)
Yang H, Yan R, Chen H, Lee DH, Zheng C, Fuel., 86, 1781 (2007)
Mohan D, Pittman CU, Steele PH, Energy Fuels, 20(3), 848 (2006)
Sharma RK, Wooten JB, Baliga VL, Hajaligol MR, Fuel., 80, 1825 (2001)
Zhou S, Xu Y, Wang C, Tian Z, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 91, 232 (2011)
Gullu D, Demirbas A, Energy Conv. Manag., 42(11), 1349 (2001)
Wang SR, Lia YF, Tan H, Luo ZY, Cen KF, J. Fuel Chem. Technol., 31, 317 (2003)
Izumi A, Kuroda K, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 11, 1709 (1997)
Demirbas A, Gullu D, Energy Educ. Sci., 1, 111 (1998)
