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Received October 15, 2009
Accepted June 14, 2010
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Extraction of bitumen with sub- and supercritical water
Green House Gas Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 71-2, Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Korea
pjhoon@kier.re.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, February 2011, 28(2), 455-460(6), 10.1007/s11814-010-0358-5
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Abstract
The sub- and supercritical water extractions of Athabasca oil sand bitumens were studied using a micro reactor. The experiments were carried out in the temperature range of 360-380 oC, pressure 15-30 MPa and water density 0.07-0.65 g/cm3 for 0-2 hrs. The extraction conversion of bitumens increased with solvent power and temperature. A maximum conversion of 24% was obtained after 90 min extraction at the supercritical condition. Hydrogen and carbon mono-oxide were not detected in sub-critical region but in the supercritical region. The supercritical condition_x000D_
was favorable to the hydrogen formation for bitumen extraction. The extraction products were upgraded relative to the original bitumens due to direct hydrolysis of low-energy linkage and H2 formed by water gas shift reaction in supercritical condition. 18% of initial sulfur in bitumen can be removed at maximum conversion condition. The asphaltene contents of the residue were significantly higher than that of original bitumen due to preferential extraction of aromatic_x000D_
compounds in supercritical condition.
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