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Received June 4, 2010
Accepted November 27, 2010
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
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Aluminum speciation in drinking water distribution system: A case study in northeastern China
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China 1Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2Xi’an Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Xi’an 710002, China
wwd@xauat.edu.cn
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, May 2011, 28(5), 1227-1232(6), 10.1007/s11814-010-0495-x
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the variation of aluminum species in a drinking water distribution system in a city in northeastern China. The aluminum species were determined by fluorometric methods. Results showed that suspended aluminum (Sus-Al) was the major species in the drinking water supplied by plant B and accounted for about 42% of the total aluminum (Tol-Al). The concentrations of Sus-Al and Tol-Al could be controlled effectively by introducing reservoir water. In the water source switching process, the water quality variation led to the suddenly release of Sus-Al, especially in a cast iron pipeline that had been in service for more than 30 years, but the soluble aluminum varied little. In the plant A service areas, the average concentrations of the inorganic monomeric aluminum (IM-Al), monomeric aluminum (Mon-Al), and soluble aluminum (Sol-Al) were 0.008 mg L.1, 0.03 mg L.1, and 0.04 mg L.1, respectively, and their concentrations in the plant B service areas were higher. The pH and fluoride were the major parameters affecting the soluble aluminum speciation. With a solution pH of 6.5-7.5 and fluoride below 0.3 mg L.1, the Sol-Al could be controlled within 0.1 mg L.1. Water quality regulation and terminal filtration were suggested for residual aluminum control.
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