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Received October 15, 2010
Accepted December 3, 2010
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Isolation of the polysaccharidase-producing bacteria from the gut of sea snail, Batillus cornutus
Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Research Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784, Korea 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Korea
jeonghha@postech.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, May 2011, 28(5), 1252-1259(8), 10.1007/s11814-010-0506-y
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Abstract
This study was conducted to isolate microorganisms from the gut of the marine turban shell, Batillus cornutus, which inhabits the mainland of South Korea and primarily feeds on brown algae. We were interested in isolating such gut bacteria by considering their potential to produce the polysaccharidases required for digestion of brown seaweeds and isolated three different bacteria from the gut of Batillus cornutus. The isolated bacteria were identified as Bacillus_x000D_
sp. JMP-A, Bacillus sp. JMP-B and Staphylococcus sp. JMP-C. The organisms were evaluated for their ability to produce polysaccharidases such as cellulase, alginate lyase, laminarinase and kelp-lyase. Bacillus sp. JMP-A and Bacillus sp. JMP-B showed a clear zone of CMC hydrolysis with a radius 1.10 (±0.057) and 3.88 cm (±0.088), respectively, whereas Staphylococcus sp. JMP-C showed no zone of CMC hydrolysis. SEM analysis confirmed that the ability of the bacterial isolates to degrade kelp differs and is correlated with kelp-lyase production. The cell free extract of the Bacillus sp. JMP-A isolate showed the highest activities of CM-cellulase, α-cellulase, laminarinase and kelp-lyase, which were 22.76, 27.10, 66.59 and 64.36 U/mg, respectively. Meanwhile, the amount of sugars released was higher during the saccharification of kelp by dialyzed intracellular enzymes of the bacterial isolates than when dialyzed extracellular_x000D_
enzyme was used. Experimental results of dialyzed enzymatic saccharification of the kelp demonstrated that use of partially purified enzymes was effective for glucose production.
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Lee YJ, Kim BK, Lee BH, Jo KI, Lee NK, Chung CH, Lee YC, Lee JW, Bioresour. Technol., 99(2), 378 (2008)
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Mai K, Mercer JP, Donlon J, Aquaculture., 134, 65 (1995)
Takami H, Kawamura T, Yamashita Y, J. Shellfish Res., 17, 723 (1998)
Johnston D, Moltschaniwskyj N, Wells J, Aquaculture., 250, 341 (2005)
Erasmus JH, Cook PA, Coyne VE, Aquaculture., 155, 377 (1997)
Sawabe T, Setoguchi N, Inoue S, Tanaka R, Otsubo M, Yoshimizu M, Ezura Y, Aquaculture., 219, 671 (2003)
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Wheals AE, Basso LC, Alves DM, Amorim HV, Trends Biotechnol., 17, 482 (1999)
Carlsson A, VanBeilen J, Moller R, Clayton D, Micro- and macro-algae: Utility for industrial applications, University of York, York, UK (2007)
Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK, Practical Microbiology, India (2004)
Saitou N, Nei M, Mol. Biol. Evol., 4, 406 (1987)
Felsenstein J, Evolution., 39, 783 (1985)
Jukes TH, Cantor CR, Evolution of protein molecules, Academic Press, New York, 21 (1969)
Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S, Mol. Biol. Evol., 24, 1596 (2007)
Teather RM, Wood PJ, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 43, 777 (1982)
Atlas RM, Snyder JW, Handbook of Media for Clinical Microbiology, II Ed. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group (2006)
Ekperigin MM, African J. Biotechnol., 6, 28 (2007)
El-Katatny MH, Hetta AM, Shaban GM, El-Komy HM, Food Technol. Biotechnol., 41, 219 (2003)
Ghose TK, Pure Appl. Chem., 59, 257 (1987)
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ, J. Biol. Chem., 193, 265 (1951)
Sadasivam S, Manickam A, Biochemical Methods (Revised 2nd Ed.) New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers India (2005)
MacDonald NL, Stark JR, Austin B, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 35, 107 (1986)
Konig H, J. Appl. Microbiol., 101(3), 620 (2006)
Jung SC, Paik HR, Kim MS, Baik KS, Lee WY, Seong CN, Choi SK, J. Microbiol., 45, 402 (2007)
Palanichamy E, Mariappan R, Arunachalam P, Grasian I, Ann. Microbiol., 60, 37 (2010)
Krairitthichai S, Thongwai N, The 34th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand (STT34), Thailand (2008)
Krootdilaganandh J, Isolation and selection of thermo-tolerant bacteria capable of producing cellulase, Chiang Mai University Press, 20 (2000)
Chahal DS, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 49, 205 (1985)
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Kim SW, Kang SW, Lee JS, Bioresour. Technol., 59(1), 63 (1997)
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Pagnol-Descamps VL, Richard C, Lahaye M, Potin P, Yvin JC, Kloareg B, Carbohydr. Res., 310, 283 (1998)
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Eka OU, Fogarty WM, European J. Appl. Microbiol., 1, 13 (1975)
Helisto P, Aktuganov G, Galimzianova N, Melentjev A, Korpelaa T, J. Chromatography B., 758, 197 (2001)
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Wi SG, Kim HJ, Mahadevan SA, Yang DJ, Bae HJ, Biores. Technol., 100, 6658 (2009)
