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Received July 13, 2010
Accepted January 3, 2011
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Hydrodynamic modeling of the entrainment of Geldart A group particles in gas-solid fluidized bed: The effect of column diameter
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
Mehdi.azadi83@gmail.com
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2011, 28(7), 1599-1607(9), 10.1007/s11814-011-0003-y
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Abstract
A multi-fluid Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is used to simulate the entrainment of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles in gas-solid fluidized beds. Entrainment of Geldart A group particles was studied because of their wide range of industrial use. The model was based on the kinetic theory of granular flow. The CFD model was used to investigate the effect of column diameter on the entrainment flux of particles in a binary mixture. Two different sizes of particles were used because many engineering applications deal with binary mixture of_x000D_
particles in fluidized beds. Various column diameters, including 38 mm, 76 mm, 114 mm, 152 mm, and 190 mm, were investigated. The entrainment flux of particles was increased with decreasing column diameter. The effect of column diameter was not significant for column diameters larger than 114 mm. Furthermore, increasing the superficial gas velocity increased the entrainment flux of particles. Model predictions were also compared with experimental findings.
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References
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Azadi M, Azadi M, Mohebbi A, J. Hazard. Mater., 182(1-3), 835 (2010)
Gidaspow D, Multiphase flow and fluidization: Continuum and kinetic theory descriptions., Academic Press, Boston (1994)
Sinclair JL, Hydrodynamic modelling, In: Grace JR, Avidan AA, Knowlton TM. (Eds.), Circulating Fluidized Beds, Blackie, London (Chapter 5) (1997)
van Wachem BGM, Almstedt AE, Chem. Eng. J., 96(1-3), 81 (2003)
Crowe C, Sommerfield M, Tsuji Y, Multiphase flows with droplets and particles, CRC Press, London (1998)
Fluent user manual, Fluent Inc. (2006)
Pain CC, Mansoorzadeh S, de Oliveira CRE, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 27(3), 527 (2001)
Kuipers JAM, van Duin KJ, van Beckum FPH, Van Swaaij WPM, Chem. Eng. Sci., 47, 1913 (1992)
Mathiesen V, Solberg T, Hjertager BH, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 26(3), 387 (2000)
Benyahia S, Arastoopour H, Knowlton TM, Chem. Eng. Commun., 189(4), 510 (2001)
Gera D, Gautam M, Tsuji Y, Kawaguchi T, Tanaka T, Powder Technol., 98(1), 38 (1998)
Almuttahar A, Taghipour F, Chem. Eng. Sci., 63(6), 1696 (2008)
Lu HL, He YR, Gidaspow D, Chem. Eng. Sci., 58(7), 1197 (2003)
Jenkins JT, Savage SB, J. Fluid Mech., 130, 187 (1983)
Lun CKK, Savage SB, Jeffrey DJ, Chepumiy N, J. Fluid Mech., 140, 223 (1984)
Richman MW, J. Rheol., 33, 1293 (1989)
Koch DL, Phys. Fluids., A2, 1711 (1990)
Montanero JM, Garzo V, Santos A, Brey JJ, J. Fluid Mech., 389, 391 (1999)
Chapman S, Cowling T, The mathematical theory on non-uniform gases, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1970)
Johnson P, Jackson R, J. Fluid Mech., 176, 67 (1987)
Sinclair J, Jackson R, AIChE J., 35, 1473 (1989)
Tasirin SM, Geldart D, Powder Technol., 95(3), 240 (1998)
Syamlal M, O’Brien TJ, Computer simulation of bubbles in a fluidized bed, AIChE Symp. Ser., 85, 22 (1989)
Schaeffer DG, J. Diff. Eq., 66, 19 (1987)
Dalla Valle JM, Micromeritics, Pitman, London (1948)
Syamlal M, The particle-particle drag term in a multiparticle model of fluidization, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA (1987)
Ding J, Gidaspow D, AIChE J., 36, 523 (1990)
Syamlal M, Rogers W, O’Brien TJ, MFIX Documentation: Volume 1, Theory Guide. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, DOE/METC-9411004, NTIS/DE9400087 (1993)
Gidaspow D, Bezburuah R, Ding J, Hydrodynamics of Circulating Fluidized Beds, Kinetic Theory Approach, In Fluidization VII, Proceedings of the 7th Engineering Foundation Conference on Fluidization, 75 (1992)
Vasquez SA, Ivanov VA, A Phase Coupled Method for Solving Multiphase Problems on Unstructured Meshes, In Proceedings of ASME FEDSM’00: ASME 2000 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting, Boston, June (2000)
Patankar S, Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow, Hemisphere, Washington, D.C. (1980)
Lewis WK, Gilliland ER, Lang PM, Entrainment from fluidized beds, Chem. Eng. Prog. Symp. Ser., 58, 65 (1962)
Colakyan M, Levenspiel O, Powder Technol., 38, 223 (1984)
Wohlfarth W, in D. Geldart (Ed.), Gas Fluidization Technology, Wiley, Chichester, UK, 141 (1986)
Kato K, Kanbara S, Tajima T, Shibasaki H, Ozawa K, Takarada T, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 20, 498 (1987)
Nakagawa N, Arita S, Uchida H, Takamura N, Takarada T, Kato K, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 27, 79 (1996)
