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Conflict of Interest: In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Publication history: Received February 22, 2011
Accepted July 4, 2011

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Bioethanol production from micro-algae, Schizocytrium sp., using hydrothermal treatment and biological conversion

Jung Kon Kim¹ Byung-Hwan Um² Tae Hyun Kim^{3 4†}

¹Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Muan, Jeonnam 534-833, Korea ²Division of Chemical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 456-749, Korea ³Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States, USA ⁴Department of Natural Resources Ecology and Management, Center for Crops Utilization and Research, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States, USA

thkim@iastate.edu

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, February 2012, 29(2), 209-214(6), 10.1007/s11814-011-0169-3

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Abstract

Hydrothermal fractionation for micro-algae, Schizocytrium sp., was investigated to separate sugars, lipids, and proteins. This fractionation process produced protein-rich solid cake and liquid hydrolysates, which contained oligomeric sugars and lipids. Oligomeric sugars and lipids were easily separated by liquid-liquid separation. Sugars in the separated hydrolyzate were determined to be mainly D-glucose and L-galactose. Fractionation conditions were optimized_x000D_ by response surface methodology (RSM). Optimal conditions were found to be 115.5 ℃ of reaction temperature, 46.7min of reaction time, and 25% (w/w) of solid loading. The model predicted that maximum oligomeric sugar yield (based on untreated micro-algae weight), which can be recovered by hydrothermal fractionation at the optimum conditions, was 19.4 wt% (based on the total biomass weight). Experimental results were in agreement with the model prediction of 16.6 wt%. Production of bioethanol using micro-algae-induced glucan and E. coli KO11 was tested with SSF (simultaneous saccharification and fermentation), which resulted in 11.8 g-ethanol/l was produced from 25.7 g/l of glucose; i.e. the theoretical maximum ethanol yield based on glucan in hydrolyzate was 89.8%.

Keywords

Biofuel Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) Fractionation KO11 Hot Water Schizochytrium sp.

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