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Received March 27, 2012
Accepted September 12, 2012
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Effect of agglomeration of silver nanoparticle on nanotoxicity depression
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea 1National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, February 2013, 30(2), 364-368(5), 10.1007/s11814-012-0155-4
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Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used commercially in a variety of applications, including textiles, cosmetics, spray cleaning agents, and metal products. AgNP itself, however, is classified as an environmental hazard by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, USA) Nanotechnology White Paper, due to its toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative characteristics when exposed to the environment. We investigated the cumulative mortality and abnormalities in Japanese medaka (Oryziaslatipes) embryos after exposure to AgNPs. Free AgNPs in solution have a high activity with respect to biological interactions regarding blocking blood flow and distribution of AgNPs into the cells from head to tail of hatched O. latipes. Interestingly, the agglomeration of AgNPs (loss of nanosized characteristics) played an important role in the environmental toxicity. The present study demonstrated that when the AgNPs were exposed in the ecosystem and then formed agglomerates, nanotoxicity was reduced.
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Braydich-Stolle L, Hussain S, Schlager JJ, Hofmann M, Toxicol.Sci., 116, 577 (2005)
Linse S, Cabaleiro-Lago C, Xue W, Lynch I, Lindman S, Thulin E, Radford SE, Dawson KA, Pro. Nation. Aca. Sci., 104, 8691 (2007)
Fubini B, Ghiazza M, Fenoglio I, Nanotoxicol., 4, 347 (2010)
Nowack B, Bucheli TD, Environ. Pol., 150, 5 (2007)
Klaine SJ, Alvarez PJJ, Batley GE, Fernandes TF, Handy RD, Lyon DY, Mahendra S, McLaughlin MJ, Lead JR, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 27, 1825 (2008)
Murdock RC, Braydich-Stolle L, Schrand AM, Schlager JJ, Hussain SM, Toxicol. Sci., 101, 239 (2008)
Porter D, Sriram K, Wolfarth M, Jefferson A, Schwegler-Berry D, Andrew M, Castranova V, Nanotoxicol., 2, 144 (2008)
Jiang J, Oberdorster G, Biswas P, J. Nanopart. Res., 11, 77 (2009)
Bae E, Park HJ, Lee J, Kim Y, Yoon J, Park K, Choi K, Yi J, Environ. Toxi. Chem., 29, 2154 (2010)
OECD guideline for the testing of chemicals 210, Fish, early-life stage toxicity test (2010)
OECD guideline for the testing of chemicals 212, Fish, short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages (1998)
OECD draft proposal for a new guideline, Fish embryo toxicity test (2006)
Adams LK, Lyon DY, Alvarez PJJ, Water Res., 40, 3527 (2006)
Franklin NM, Rogers NJ, Apte SC, Batley GE, Gadd GE, Casey PS, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 8484 (2007)
Powers KW, Brown SC, Krishna VB, Wasdo SC, Moudgil BM, Roberts SM, J. Toxicol. Sci., 90, 296 (2006)
