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Received December 31, 2012
Accepted May 25, 2013
articles This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Sulfur removal of gas oil using ultrasound-assisted catalytic oxidative process and study of its optimum conditions

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanic Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 3Tabriz Oil Refinery Laboratory, Tabriz, Iran
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, September 2013, 30(9), 1751-1759(9), 10.1007/s11814-013-0097-5
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Abstract

Ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization process (UAOD) was applied to reduce sulfur compounds of gas oil containing various types of sulfur content. The environmental regulation requires a very deep desulfurization to eliminate the sulfur compounds. UAOD is a promising technology with lower operating cost and higher safety and environmental protection. For the first time the typical phase transfer agent (tetraoctyl-ammonium-bromide) was replaced with isobutanol because using isobutanol is much more economical than TOAB, imposing no contamination. The reaction was carried out at optimal point with various temperatures, in single-, two- and three step-procedures, investigating the effect of gradual increase of H2O2 and TOAB being used instead of isobutanol. Total sulfur concentration in oil phase was analyzed by ASTM-D3120 method. The highest removal of about 90% for gas oil containing 9,500 mg/kg of sulfur was achieved in three-steps during 17 minutes of process at 62±2 ℃ when 180.3 mmol of H2O2 was used and extraction carried out by methanol.

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