Acidic species were extracted from heavy crude oil by alcohol-alkali solution and ion exchange resin. The acidic species in the obtained extracts and extracted crude oil were characterized by negative-ion ESI FT-ICR MS. The analytical results indicated that some class species, O2, O1, N1, N1O1, N1O2, N1S1 and O2S1 etc., were identified in the negative-ion spectrum, in which O2, O1 and N1 class showed much higher abundance than others. Compared to O1 and N1 class, O2 class could be extracted from heavy crude oil by using the two methods more efficiently, which means that a great majority of O2 class can be extracted; meanwhile, almost half of O1 and N1 class still remained in residual phase. Detailed analysis demonstrated that alcohol-alkali method was effective for extracting O2, O1 and N1 class with lower molecular weight; ion exchange method, however, was helpful to extract higher molecular weight O1 and N1 class and showed almost equal extraction selectivity to all kind of O2 class.

Acidic Species Extraction Heavy Crude Oil ESI FT-ICR MS

Stanford LA, Kim S, Rodgers RP, Marshall AG, Energy Fuels, 20(4), 1664 (2006)
MP Barrow, LA McDonnell, XD Feng, J Walker, PJ Derrick, Anal. Chem., 75, 860 (2003)
Barrow MP, Headley JV, Peru KM, Derrick PJ, J. Chromatogr. A, 1058, 51 (2004)
Smith DF, Rahimi P, Teclemariam A, Rodgers RP, Marshall AG, Energy Fuels, 22(5), 3118 (2008)
Slavcheva E, Shone B, Turnbull A, Br. Corros. J., 34, 125 (1999)
Mapolelo MM, Rodgers RP, Blakney GT, Yen AT, Asomaning S, Marshall AG, Int. J. Mass Spectrom, 300, 149 (2011)
Li XH, Zhu JH, Wu BC, Mao XH, Energy Fuels, 26(9), 5646 (2012)
Hemmingsen PV, Kim S, Pettersen HE, Rodgers RP, Sjoblom J, Marshall AG, Energy Fuels, 20(5), 1980 (2006)
Keroly APC, Guilherme PD, de Castro EVR, Alexandre OG, Boniek GV, Wanderson R, Fuel, 108, 647 (2013)
Wu BC, Zhu JH, Pet. Sci., 6, 433 (2009)
Mediaas H, Grande VK, Hustad BM, Rasch A, Rueslatten HG, Vindstad JE, Statoil ASA, SPE 80404 (2003)
Borgund AE, Erstad K, Barth T, Energy Fuels, 21(5), 2816 (2007)
Zhu XC, Shi Q, Zhang YH, Pan N, Xu CM, Chung KH, Zhao SQ, Energy Fuels, 25, 281 (2011)
Shi Q, Hou DJ, Lu XQ, Zhou YC, Zhao SQ, J. Instr. Anal., 26, 317 (2007)
Klein GC, Rodgers RP, Marshall AG, Fuel, 85(14-15), 2071 (2006)
Shi Q, Xu CM, Zhao SQ, Chung KH, Zhang YH, Gao W, Energy Fuels, 24, 563 (2009)
Fu JM, Klein GC, Smith DF, Kim S, Rodgers RP, Hendrickson CL, Marshall AG, Energy Fuels, 20(3), 1235 (2006)
Bae E, Na JG, Chung SH, Kim HS, Kim S, Energy Fuels, 24, 2563 (2010)
Smith DF, Klein GC, Yen AT, Squicciarini MP, Rodgers RP, Marshall AG, Energy Fuels, 22(5), 3112 (2008)
Qian K, Energy Fuels, 15(2), 492 (2001)
Shi Q, Hou DJ, Chung KH, Xu CM, Zhao SQ, Zhang YH, Energy Fuels, 24, 2545 (2010)
Hughey CA, Rodgers RP, Marshall AG, Qian K, W K, Org. Geochem., 33, 743 (2002)
Smith DF, Rodgers RP, Rahimi P, Teclemariam A, Marshall AG, Energy Fuels, 23(1), 314 (2009)
Hughey CA, Galasso SA, Zumberge JE, Fuel, 86(5-6), 758 (2007)
Zhang YH, Xu CM, Shi Q, Zhao SQ, Chung KH, Hou DJ, Energy Fuels, 24, 6321 (2010)
Liu P, Xu CM, Shi Q, Pan N, Zhang YH, Zhao S, Chung KH, Anal. Chem., 82, 6601 (2010)
Mapolelo MM, Stanford LA, Rodgers RP, Yen AT, Debord JD, Asomaning S, Marshall AG, Energy Fuels, 23(1), 349 (2009)
Qian KN, Robbins WK, Hughey CA, Cooper HJ, Rodgers RP, Marshall AG, Energy Fuels, 15(6), 1505 (2001)
Wu ZG, Rodgers RP, Marshall AG, Fuel, 84(14-15), 1790 (2005)