Articles & Issues
- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
-
Received December 3, 2013
Accepted March 30, 2014
-
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © KIChE. All rights reserved.
All issues
Highly flame-retarding cotton fabrics with a novel phosphorus/nitrogen intumescent flame retardant
Research Center for Engineering Technology of Polymeric Composites of Shanxi Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
gczx2012@gmail.com
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, September 2014, 31(9), 1592-1597(6), 10.1007/s11814-014-0095-2
Download PDF
Abstract
A novel phosphorus/nitrogen intumescent flame retardant, namely 6-chloro-4-(diethylamino phosphorate phosphoryl chloride)-2-(sodium 4-aminobenzensulfonate)-1,3,5-triazine (APPCABT), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 31P{H}-NMR spectroscopies. To investigate the flame-retarding properties of the treated cotton fabrics, APPCABT was applied to the chemical treatment of the cotton fabrics surface._x000D_
The flame-retarding performance of the treated samples with APPCABT was evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI). The thermal degradation behavior of the treated samples was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface morphology of the treated samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These results show that APPCABT is both an intumescent flame retardant with high efficiency and an excellent char-forming agent for_x000D_
the flame-retarding treatment of cotton fabrics.
Keywords
References
Reddy N, Yang YQ, Bioresour. Technol., 100(14), 3563 (2009)
Zhao T, Sun G, Song XY, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 108(3), 1917 (2008)
Gaan S, Sun G, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 92, 968 (2007)
Shieh JY, Wang CS, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 78(9), 1636 (2000)
Xia XN, Lu YB, Zhou X, Xiong YQ, Zhang XH, Xu WJ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 102(4), 3842 (2006)
Hoang DQ, Kim JH, Jang BN, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 93, 2042 (2008)
Wei LL, Wang DY, Chen HB, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 96, 1557 (2011)
Chen LJ, Song L, Lv P, Jie GX, Tai QL, Xing WY, Hu Y, Prog. Org. Coat., 70, 59 (2011)
Yin HQ, Yuan DD, Cai XF, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 98, 288 (2013)
Gao F, Tong LF, Fang ZP, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 91, 1295 (2006)
Green J, J. Fire Sci., 14, 426 (1996)
Weil ED, Encycl. Chem. Technol., 11, 484 (2001)
Ye JH, Liang GZ, Gu AJ, Zhang ZY, Han JP, Yuan L, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 98, 597 (2013)
Nam S, Condon BD, Parikh DV, Zhao Q, Cintron SM, Madison C, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 96, 2010 (2011)
Chen H, Yin J, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 40(21), 3804 (2002)
Mahapatra SS, Karak N, Prog. Org. Coat., 60, 328 (2007)
Hu XP, Li WY, Wang YZ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 94(4), 1556 (2004)
Mahapatra SS, Karak N, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 92, 947 (2007)
Ke CH, Li J, Fang KY, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 95, 763 (2010)
Wu DH, Zhao PH, Zhang M, Liu YQ, High Perform. Polym., 25, 868 (2013)
Zhao P, Zhang M, Wu D, Liu Y, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 30(9), 1687 (2013)
Feng CM, Zhang Y, Liu SW, Chi ZG, Xu JR, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 123(6), 3208 (2012)
Nie SB, Hu Y, Song L, He QL, Yang DD, Chen H, Polym. Adv. Technol., 19, 1077 (2008)
Song PA, Fang ZP, Tong LF, Jin YM, Lu FZ, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 82, 286 (2008)
Ma HY, Fang ZP, Thermochim. Acta,, 543, 130 (2012)
Nguyena TMD, Chang SC, Condon B, Uchimiya M, Graves E, Smith J, Easson M, Wakelyn P, Polym. Adv. Technol., 23, 1036 (2012)
Lai XJ, Zeng XR, Li HQ, Liao F, Yin CY, Zhang HL, Polym. Compos., 33, 35 (2012)
Chang SC, Condon B, Graves E, Uchimiya M, Fortier C, Easson M, Walelyn P, Fiber. Polym., 12, 334 (2011)
Zhao T, Sun G, Song XY, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 108(3), 1917 (2008)
Gaan S, Sun G, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 92, 968 (2007)
Shieh JY, Wang CS, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 78(9), 1636 (2000)
Xia XN, Lu YB, Zhou X, Xiong YQ, Zhang XH, Xu WJ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 102(4), 3842 (2006)
Hoang DQ, Kim JH, Jang BN, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 93, 2042 (2008)
Wei LL, Wang DY, Chen HB, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 96, 1557 (2011)
Chen LJ, Song L, Lv P, Jie GX, Tai QL, Xing WY, Hu Y, Prog. Org. Coat., 70, 59 (2011)
Yin HQ, Yuan DD, Cai XF, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 98, 288 (2013)
Gao F, Tong LF, Fang ZP, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 91, 1295 (2006)
Green J, J. Fire Sci., 14, 426 (1996)
Weil ED, Encycl. Chem. Technol., 11, 484 (2001)
Ye JH, Liang GZ, Gu AJ, Zhang ZY, Han JP, Yuan L, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 98, 597 (2013)
Nam S, Condon BD, Parikh DV, Zhao Q, Cintron SM, Madison C, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 96, 2010 (2011)
Chen H, Yin J, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 40(21), 3804 (2002)
Mahapatra SS, Karak N, Prog. Org. Coat., 60, 328 (2007)
Hu XP, Li WY, Wang YZ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 94(4), 1556 (2004)
Mahapatra SS, Karak N, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 92, 947 (2007)
Ke CH, Li J, Fang KY, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 95, 763 (2010)
Wu DH, Zhao PH, Zhang M, Liu YQ, High Perform. Polym., 25, 868 (2013)
Zhao P, Zhang M, Wu D, Liu Y, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 30(9), 1687 (2013)
Feng CM, Zhang Y, Liu SW, Chi ZG, Xu JR, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 123(6), 3208 (2012)
Nie SB, Hu Y, Song L, He QL, Yang DD, Chen H, Polym. Adv. Technol., 19, 1077 (2008)
Song PA, Fang ZP, Tong LF, Jin YM, Lu FZ, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 82, 286 (2008)
Ma HY, Fang ZP, Thermochim. Acta,, 543, 130 (2012)
Nguyena TMD, Chang SC, Condon B, Uchimiya M, Graves E, Smith J, Easson M, Wakelyn P, Polym. Adv. Technol., 23, 1036 (2012)
Lai XJ, Zeng XR, Li HQ, Liao F, Yin CY, Zhang HL, Polym. Compos., 33, 35 (2012)
Chang SC, Condon B, Graves E, Uchimiya M, Fortier C, Easson M, Walelyn P, Fiber. Polym., 12, 334 (2011)
