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Received March 10, 2015
Accepted April 27, 2015
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
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Next generation digital microfluidic technology: Electrophoresis of charged droplets
Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, 365, Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 608-739, Korea
dj-im@pknu.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, June 2015, 32(6), 1001-1008(8), 10.1007/s11814-015-0092-0
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Abstract
Contact charging of a conducting droplet in a dielectric medium is introduced as a novel and useful digital microfluidic technology as well as an interesting scientific phenomenon. The history of this phenomenon, starting from original observations to its interpretations and applications, is presented. The basic principle of the droplet contact charging is also presented. Several fundamental aspects of the droplet contact charging from view points of electrochemistry, surface science, electrocoalescence, and electrohydrodynamics are mentioned. Some promising results for future applications and potential features as a next generation digital microfluidic technology are discussed, especially for 3D organ printing. Finally, implications and significance of the proposed technology for chemical engineering community are discussed.
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Link DR, Mongrain EG, Duri A, Sarrazin F, Cheng Z, Cristobal G, Marquez M, Weitz DA, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 45, 2556 (2006)
Niu X, Gielen F, DeMello AJ, Edel JB, Anal. Chem., 81, 7321 (2009)
Ahn B, Lee K, Panchapakesan R, Oh KW, Biomicrofluidics, 5, 024113 (2011)
Guo F, Ji XH, Liu K, He RX, Zhao LB, Guo ZX, Liu W, Guo SS, Zhao XZ, Appl. Phys. Lett., 96, 193701 (2010)
Wang W, Yang C, Liu Y, Li CM, Lab Chip, 10, 559 (2010)
Ochs HT, Czys RR, Nature, 327, 606 (1987)
Ristenpart WD, Bird JC, Belmonte A, Dollar F, Stone HA, Nature, 461, 377 (2009)
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Eow JS, Ghadiri M, Sharif AO, Williams TJ, Chem. Eng. J., 84(3), 173 (2001)
Zheng L, Lin ZH, Cheng G, Wu W, Wen X, Lee S, Wang ZL, Nano Energy, 9, 291 (2014)
Lin ZH, Cheng G, Wu W, Pradel KC, Wang ZL, ACS Nano, 8, 6440 (2014)
Lin ZH, Cheng G, Lee S, Pradel KC, Wang ZL, Adv. Mater., 26(27), 4690 (2014)
Kwon SH, Park J, Kim WK, Yang Y, Lee E, Han CJ, Park SY, Lee J, Kim YS, Energy Environ. Sci., 7, 3279 (2014)
Cheng G, Lin ZH, Du ZI, Wang ZL, ACS Nano, 8, 1932 (2014)
Lin ZH, Cheng G, Lin L, Lee S, Wang ZL, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 52, 12545 (2013)
Choi D, Lee H, Im DJ, Kang IS, Lim G, Kim DS, Kang KH, Sci. Rep.-Uk, 3, 2037 (2013)
Nemes P, Marginean I, Vertes A, Anal. Chem., 70, 3105 (2007)
Hager DB, Dovichi NJ, Klassen J, Kebarle P, Anal. Chem., 66, 3944 (1994)
Kelly RT, Page JS, Marginean I, Tang K, Smith RD, Anal. Chem., 80, 5660 (2008)
Venter A, Sojka PE, Cooks RG, Anal. Chem., 78, 8549 (2006)
Yudistira HT, Nguyen VD, Tran SBQ, Kang TS, Park JK, Byun D, Appl. Phys. Lett., 98, 083501 (2011)
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Quincke G, Pogg. Ann., 113, 513 (1861)
Millikan RA, Phys. Rev., 2, 109 (1913)
Carruthers JC, Trans. Faraday Soc., 34, 300 (1938)
Dickinson W, Trans. Faraday Soc., 37, 140 (1941)
Taylor AJ, Wood FW, Trans. Faraday Soc., 53, 523 (1957)
Marinova KG, Alargova RG, Denkov ND, Velev OD, Petsev DN, Ivanov IB, Borwankar RP, Langmuir, 12(8), 2045 (1996)
Beattie JK, Djerdjev AM, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 43, 3568 (2004)
Schoeler AM, Josephides DN, Sajjadi S, Lorenz CD, Mesquida P, J. Appl. Phys., 114, 144903 (2013)
Mochizuki T, Mori YH, Kaji N, AIChE J., 36, 1039 (1990)
Khayari A, Perez AT, IEEE T. Dielec. Elec. Insul., 9, 589 (2002)
Link DR, Mongrain EG, Duri A, Sarrazin F, Cheng Z, Cristobal G, Marquez M, Weitz DA, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 45, 2556 (2006)
Jung YM, Kang IS, Biomicrofluidics, 4 (2010)
Jung YM, Kang IS, Biomicrofluidics, 3, 22402 (2009)
Liu T, Seiffert S, Thiele J, Abate AR, Weitz DA, Richtering W, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 109, 384 (2012)
Bird JC, Ristenpart WD, Belmonte A, Stone HA, Phys. Rev. Lett., 103, 164502 (2009)
Zhang YZ, Liu YH, Wang XL, Shen Y, Ji RJ, Cai BP, Langmuir, 29(5), 1676 (2013)
Drews AM, Lee HY, Bishop KJM, Lab Chip, 13, 4295 (2013)
Lee DW, Im DJ, Kang IS, Appl. Phys. Lett., 100, 221602 (2012)
Lee CP, Chang HC, Wei ZH, Appl. Phys. Lett., 101, 014103 (2012)
Im DJ, Ahn MM, Yoo BS, Moon D, Lee DW, Kang IS, Langmuir, 28(32), 11656 (2012)
Hamlin BS, Ristenpart WD, Phys. Fluids, 24, 012101 (2012)
Khorshidi B, Jalaal M, Esmaeilzadeh E, Mohammadi F, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 352(1), 211 (2010)
Jalaal M, Khorshidi B, Esmaeilzadeh E, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., 34, 1498 (2010)
Mhatre S, Thaokar RM, Phys. Fluids, 25, 072105 (2013)
Rezai P, Salam S, Selvaganapathy PR, Gupta BP, Lab Chip, 12, 1831 (2012)
Ahn B, Lee K, Panchapakesan R, Oh KW, Biomicrofluidics, 5, 024113 (2011)
Wang W, Yang C, Liu Y, Li CM, Lab Chip, 10, 559 (2010)
Zhou H, Yao S, Lab Chip, 13, 962 (2013)
Choi K, Im M, Choi JM, Choi YK, Microfluid. Nanofluid., 12, 821 (2012)
Ahn MM, Im DJ, Kang IS, Analyst, 138, 7362 (2013)
Im DJ, Noh J, Yi NW, Park J, Kang IS, Biomicrofluidics, 5, 044112 (2011)
Perez AT, J. Electrost., 56, 199 (2002)
Felici N, Rev. Gen. Elect., 75, 1145 (1966)
Lee DW, Im DJ, Kang IS, Langmuir, 29(6), 1875 (2013)
Schoeler AM, Josephides DN, Sajjadi S, Mesquida P, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 461, 18 (2014)
Schoeler AM, Josephides DN, Chaurasia AS, Sajjadi S, Mesquida P, Appl. Phys. Lett., 104, 074104 (2014)
Jeon SB, Kim D, Yoon GW, Yoon JB, Choi YK, Nano Energy, 12, 636 (2015)
Baygents JC, Saville DA, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 87, 1883 (1991)
Lee SM, Im DJ, Kang IS, Phys. Fluids, 12, 1899 (2000)
Taylor GI, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser A., 291, 159 (1964)
Moon D, Im DJ, Lee S, Kang IS, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., 53, 251 (2014)
Yudistira HT, Nguyen VD, Dutta P, Byun D, Appl. Phys. Lett., 96, 023503 (2010)
Levine S, O’Brien RN, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 43, 616 (1973)
Hendricks CD, J. Colloid Sci., 17, 249 (1962)
Hogan CJ, Biswas P, Chen DR, J. Phys. Chem. B, 113(4), 970 (2009)
Kim JG, Im DJ, Jung YM, Kang IS, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 310(2), 599 (2007)
Beranek P, Flittner R, Hrobar V, Ethgen P, Pribyl M, AIP Adv., 4, 067103 (2014)
Drews AM, Kowalik M, Bishop KJM, J. Appl. Phys., 116, 074903 (2014)
Drews AM, Cartier CA, Bishop KJM, Langmuir, 31, 3808 (2015)
Lee BS, Cho HJ, Lee JG, Huh N, Choi JW, Kang IS, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 302(1), 294 (2006)
Abbott A, Nature, 424, 870 (2003)
Tung YC, Hsiao AY, Allen SG, Torisawa YS, Ho M, Takayama S, Analyst, 136, 473 (2011)
Seiler AEM, Spielmann H, Nat. Protocols, 6, 961 (2011)
Tormos JC, Lieber D, Baret JC, Harrak AE, Miller OJ, Frenz L, Blouwolff J, Humphry KJ, Koster S, Duan H, Holtze C, Weitz DA, Griffiths AD, Merten CA, Chem. Biol., 15, 427 (2008)
Villar G, Graham AD, Bayley H, Science, 340(6128), 48 (2013)
