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Received July 14, 2014
Accepted October 20, 2014
- This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Green synthesis, biochemical and quantum chemical studies of steroidal oximes
Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Korea
dulee@dongguk.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, June 2015, 32(6), 1142-1150(9), 10.1007/s11814-014-0314-x
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Abstract
Microwave-assisted condensation of steroidal ketones with hydroxylamine under solvent-free condition in presence of basic alumina as solid support yielded the title compounds. The compounds were subjected for their in vitro antimicrobial against a set of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The 3β-chloro-5α-cholestan-6-one oxime (6) showed highest antimicrobial activity. Steroidal oximes were also screened for their in vitro anthelmintic activity against earthworms. Chloro compound was found to be a more potent anthelmintic agent when compared with albendazole. The in silico docking technique has been applied to ascertain the potential binding sites of the compounds with the pathogenic receptor. The binding modes of a representative compound 6 were accessed on the basis of molecular docking studies. Moreover the structure.antimicrobial activity relationships were studied using some physicochemical and quantum-chemical parameters with GAMESS interface as well as WebMO Job Manager by DFT at B3LYP/6-31G & STO-3G level of theory.
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References
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Pokhrel M, Ma E, Molecules, 16, 9868 (2011)
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Donaruma LG, Helst WZ, Org. React., 11, 1 (1960)
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Liu KC, Shelton BR, Howe RK, J. Org. Chem., 45, 3916 (1980)
Hajipour AR, Mahboubghah N, J. Chem. Res.(S), 122 (1998)
Dave PR, Forshar F, J. Org. Chem., 61, 8897 (1996)
Whitesell JK, Whitesell MA, Synthesis, 517 (1983)
Shinada T, Yoshihara K, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 6701 (1995)
Ley JP, Bertram HJ, Bioorgan. Med. Chem., 9, 1879 (2001)
Shen C, Sigman DS, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 286, 596 (1991)
Finar IL, Lord GH, J. Chem. Soc., 3314 (1957)
Li JT, Li XL, Li TS, Sonochem., 13, 200 (2006)
Guo JJ, Jin TS, Zhang SL, Li TS, Green Chem., 3, 193 (2001)
Sharghi H, Sarvari MH, J. Chem. Res.(S), 24 (2000)
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Zang H, Wang M, Cheng BW, Song J, Sonochem., 16, 301 (2009)
Kidwai M, Dave B, Bhushan KR, Chem. Papers, 54, 231 (2000)
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Kidwai M, Pure Appl. Chem., 73, 147 (2001)
Lipinski CA, Lombardo F, Dominy BW, Feeney PJ, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 23, 4 (1997)
Jones DN, Lewis JR, Shoppee CW, Summers GHR, J. Chem. Soc., 2876 (1955)
Shoppee CW, Jenkins RH, Summers GHR, J. Chem. Soc., 1657 (1958)
Dodson RM, Riegel B, J. Org. Chem., 13, 424 (1948)
Windaus A, Dalmer O, Ber., 52, 162 (1919)
Jones DN, Lewis JR, Shoppee CW, Summers GHR, J. Chem. Soc., 2876 (1955)
Suginome H, Takahashi H, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 48, 576 (1975)
Anagnostopoulos CE, Fieser LF, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 76, 532 (1954)
Barnett J, Ryman BR, Smith F, J. Chem. Soc., 527 (1946)
Knof L, Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem., 642, 194 (1961)
Shafiullah, Ansari MR, Husain S, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 60, 3411 (1987)
Ford EG, Chakravorty P, Wallis ES, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 60, 413 (1938)
Duddeck H, Frelek J, Kriiger C, Snatzke G, Szezepek WJ, Wagner P, Werner S, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 3, 613 (1992)
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Bauer AW, Kirby WMM, Sherris JC, Turk M, Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 45, 493 (1966)
NCCLS - Clinical laboratory standards institute method for antifungal disk diffusion susceptibility testing of yeasts, Proposed Guideline- M. 44A, 23 (2004).
Ajaiyeoba EP, Onocha PA, Olarenwaju OT, Pharm. Biol., 39, 217 (2001)
Accelrys Software Inc., Discovery Studio Modeling Environment, Release 3.1. (2011).
Thomsen R, Christensen MH, J. Med. Chem., 11, 3315 (2006)
Wolber G, Dornhofer AA, Langer T, J. Comput. Aided Mol. Des., 20, 773 (2007)
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Alam MS, Liu L, Lee YE, Lee DU, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 59, 568 (2011)
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Ertl P, Rohde B, Selzer P, J. Med. Chem., 43, 3714 (2000)
Uzzoman S, Khanam H, Mashrai A, Mabkhot YN, Husain A, Acta Cryst., E68, o3037 (2012)
Ketuly KA, Hadi AHA, Ng SW, Tiekink ERT, Acta Cryst., E67, o773 (2011)
Wallace AC, Laskowski RA, Thornton JM, Prot. Eng., 8, 127 (1995)