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Received May 17, 2015
Accepted September 19, 2015
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Surface modification of cation exchange membranes by graft polymerization of PAA-co-PANI/MWCNTs nanoparticles
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran 1Membrane Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah 67149, Iran
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, March 2016, 33(3), 1037-1046(10), 10.1007/s11814-015-0199-3
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Abstract
Surface modification of polyvinylchloride based heterogeneous cation exchange membrane was performed by graft polymerization of PAA and PAA-co-PANI/MWCNTs nanoparticles. The ion exchange membranes were prepared by solution casting technique. Spectra analysis confirmed graft polymerization clearly. SEM images illustrated that graft polymerization covers the membranes by simple gel network entanglement. The membrane water content was decreased by graft polymerization of PAA-co-PANI/MWCNTs nanoparticles on membrane surface. Membrane transport number and selectivity declined initially by PAA graft polymerization and then began to increase by utilizing of composite nanoparticles in modifier solution. The sodium and barium flux was improved sharply by PAA and PAAco-0.01%wt PANI/MWCNTs graft polymerization on membrane surface and then decreased again by more increase of PANI/MWCNTs nanoparticles content ratio in modifier solution. The electrodialysis experiment results in laboratory scale showed higher dialytic rate in heavy metals removal for grafted-PAA and grafted-PAA-co-PANI/MWCNTs modified membrane compared to pristine one. Membrane areal electrical resistance was also decreased by introducing graft polymerization of PAA and PAA-co-PANI/MWCNTs NPs on membrane surface.
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References
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Dlugolecki P, Nymeijer K, Metz S, Wessling M, J. Membr. Sci., 319(1-2), 214 (2008)
Madaeni SS, Zinadini S, Vatanpour V, J. Membr. Sci., 380(1-2), 155 (2011)
Nagarale RK, Shahi VK, Rangarajan R, J. Membr. Sci., 248(1-2), 37 (2005)
Kang MS, Choi YJ, Choi IJ, Yoon TH, Moon SH, J. Membr. Sci., 216(1-2), 39 (2003)
Engates KE, Shipley HJ, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 18, 386 (2011)
Xu TW, J. Membr. Sci., 263(1-2), 1 (2005)
Nagarale RK, Gohil GS, Shahi VK, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 119, 97 (2006)
Hosseini SM, Nemati M, Jeddi F, Salehi E, Khodabakhshi AR, Madaeni SS, Desalination, 279, 167 (2015)
Hosseini SM, Hamidi A, Moghadassi A, Madaeni SS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 32(3), 429 (2015)
Zendehnam A, Rabieyan M, Hosseini SM, Mokhtari S, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 32(3), 501 (2015)
Hosseini SM, Madaeni SS, Khodabakhshi AR, Zendehnam A, J. Membr. Sci., 365(1-2), 438 (2010)
Hosseini SM, Rahzani B, Asiani H, Khodabakhshi AR, Hamidi AR, Madaeni SS, Moghadassi AR, Seidypoor A, Desalination, 345, 13 (2014)
Hosseini SM, Madaeni SS, Khodabakhshi AR, Zendehnam A, J. Membr. Sci., 365(1-2), 438 (2010)
Hosseini SM, Madaeni SS, Heidari AR, Amirimehr A, Desalination, 284, 194 (2012)
Yu HY, Xie Y, Hu MX, Wang JL, Wang SY, Xu ZK, J. Membr. Sci., 254(1-2), 219 (2005)
McCloskey BD, Park HB, Ju H, Rowe BW, Miller DJ, Freeman BD, J. Membr. Sci., 414, 82 (2012)
Guo HF, Ulbricht M, J. Membr. Sci., 349(1-2), 312 (2010)
Boributh S, Chanachai A, Jiraratananon R, J. Membr. Sci., 342(1-2), 97 (2009)
Zou L, Vidalis I, Steele D, Michelmore A, Low SP, Verberk JQJC, J. Membr. Sci., 369(1-2), 420 (2011)
Yu SC, Lu ZH, Chen ZH, Liu XS, Liu MH, Gao CJ, J. Membr. Sci., 371(1-2), 293 (2011)
Wu XM, Wang LL, Wang Y, Gu JS, Yu HY, J. Membr. Sci., 421, 60 (2012)
Kim SH, Kwak SY, Sohn BH, Park TH, J. Membr. Sci., 211, 157 (2013)
Giammar DE, Maus CJ, Xie L, Environ. Eng. Sci., 24, 1 (2007)
Ayad M, El-Hefnawy G, Zaghlol S, Chem. Eng. J., 217, 460 (2013)
Lafuente E, Callejas MA, Sainz R, Benito AM, Maser WK, Sanjuan ML, Saurel D, d-Teresa JM, Martinez MT, Carbon, 46, 1909 (2008)
Amado FDR, Rodrigues MAS, Morisso FDP, Bemardes AM, Ferreira JZ, Ferreira CA, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 320(1), 52 (2008)
King RCY, Roussel F, Brun JF, Gors C, Synth. Met., 162, 1348 (2012)
Park SY, Cho MS, Choi HJ, Curr. Appl. Phys., 4(6), 581 (2004)
Compan V, Riande E, Fernandez-Carretero FJ, Berezina NP, Sytcheva AAR, J. Membr. Sci., 318(1-2), 255 (2008)
Zhao S, Wang Z, Wang JX, Yang SB, Wang SC, J. Membr. Sci., 376(1-2), 83 (2011)
Cui H, Li Q, Qian Y, Tang R, An H, Zhai J, Water Res., 45, 5736 (2011)
Khan AA, Baig U, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(6), 1937 (2012)
Marjanovic GC, Synth. Met., 177, 1 (2013)
Zhao S, Wang Z, Wei X, Zhao BR, Wang JX, Yang SB, Wang SC, J. Membr. Sci., 385(1-2), 251 (2011)
Li XF, Wang Z, Lu H, Zhao CJ, Na H, Zhao C, J. Membr. Sci., 254(1-2), 147 (2005)
Khan J, Tripathi BP, Saxena A, Shahi VK, Electrochim. Acta, 52(24), 6719 (2007)
Hwang GJ, Ohya H, Nagai T, J. Membr. Sci., 156(1), 61 (1999)
Tanaka Y, Ion Exchange Membranes: Fundamentals and Applications, Membrane Science and Technology Series, vol. 12, Elsevier, Netherlands (2007).
Nagarale RK, Shahi VK, Schubert R, Rangarajan R, Mehnert R, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 270(2), 446 (2004)
Nagarale RK, Gohil GS, Shahi VK, Rangarajan R, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 251, 133 (2004)
Barragan VM, Ruiz-Bauza C, J. Membr. Sci., 154(2), 261 (1999)
Nagarale RK, Shahi VK, Thampy SK, Rangarajan R, React. Funct. Polym., 61(1), 131 (2004)
Vatsha B, Ngila JC, Moutloali RM, Phys. Chem. Earth., 67, 125 (2014)
Gohil GS, Binsu VV, Shahi VK, J. Membr. Sci., 280(1-2), 210 (2006)
Kerres J, Cui W, Disson R, Neubrand W, J. Membr. Sci., 139(2), 211 (1998)
Shahi VK, Thampy SK, Rangarajan R, J. Membr. Sci., 158(1-2), 77 (1999)
Nagarale RK, Shahi VK, Rangarajan R, J. Membr. Sci., 248(1-2), 37 (2005)
Baker RW, Membrane Technology and Applications, Wiley Ltd., England, 2nd Ed. (2004).
Dlugolecki P, Nymeijer K, Metz S, Wessling M, J. Membr. Sci., 319(1-2), 214 (2008)
Madaeni SS, Zinadini S, Vatanpour V, J. Membr. Sci., 380(1-2), 155 (2011)
Nagarale RK, Shahi VK, Rangarajan R, J. Membr. Sci., 248(1-2), 37 (2005)
Kang MS, Choi YJ, Choi IJ, Yoon TH, Moon SH, J. Membr. Sci., 216(1-2), 39 (2003)
Engates KE, Shipley HJ, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 18, 386 (2011)
Xu TW, J. Membr. Sci., 263(1-2), 1 (2005)
Nagarale RK, Gohil GS, Shahi VK, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 119, 97 (2006)
Hosseini SM, Nemati M, Jeddi F, Salehi E, Khodabakhshi AR, Madaeni SS, Desalination, 279, 167 (2015)
