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Received August 26, 2015
Accepted March 18, 2016
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
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Vacuum enhanced membrane distillation for trace contaminant removal of heavy metals from water by electrospun PVDF/TiO2 hybrid membranes
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 1Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
a.dastbaz@ut.ac.ir
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2016, 33(7), 2160-2168(9), 10.1007/s11814-016-0081-y
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Abstract
Electrospun hybrid membranes were synthesized using electrospinning of Poly (vinylidenefluoride) - titanium tetraisopropoxide (PVDF-TTIP) sol. Asymmetric post-treatment of membrane conducted for deprotonation of titanate and making hydrophilic/hydrophobic dual characteristics. The membranes were characterized by various methods such as wettability, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and liquid entry pressure tests. For evaluating the separation performance, these membranes were applied in the VMD process to treat water heavy metal contaminants. The effects of operating parameters such as flow rate, temperature and membrane properties as porosity, on contaminant removal and producing ultra-pure water have been studied.
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References
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Curcio E, Drioli E, Sep. Purif. Rev., 34, 35 (2005)
El-Bourawi MS, Ding Z, Ma R, Khayet M, J. Membr. Sci., 285(1-2), 4 (2006)
Liu GL, Zhu C, Cheung CS, Leung CW, Heat Mass Transf., 34, 329 (1998)
Yarlagadda S, Gude VG, Camacho LM, Pinappu S, Deng SG, J. Hazard. Mater., 192(3), 1388 (2011)
Zhu WP, Sun SP, Gao J, Fu FJ, Chung TS, J. Membr. Sci., 456, 117 (2014)
Godino MP, Pena L, Rincon C, Mengual JI, Desalination, 108(1-3), 91 (1997)
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Zolotarev PP, Ugrozov VV, Volkina IB, Nikulin VM, J. Hazard. Mater., 37, 77 (1994)
Wang XY, Zhang L, Yang HJ, Chen HL, Desalination, 247(1-3), 403 (2009)
Razmjou A, Arifin E, Dong G, Mansouri J, Chen V, J. Membr. Sci., 415-416, 850 (2012)
Xue XM, Li FT, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 116, 116 (2008)
Dastbaz A, Keshtkar AR, Appl. Surf. Sci., 293, 336 (2014)
Mottaghitalab V, Haghi AK, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 28(1), 114 (2011)
Macias M, Chacko A, Ferraris JP, Balkus KJ, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 86, 1 (2005)
Shao CL, Kim HY, Gong JB, Ding B, Lee DR, Park SJ, Mater. Lett., 57, 1579 (2003)
Bottino A, Capannelli G, D’Asti V, Piaggio P, Sep. Purif. Technol., 22, 269 (2001)
Li JH, Xu YY, Zhu LP, Wang JH, Du CH, J. Membr. Sci., 326(2), 659 (2009)
Ogoshi T, Chujo Y, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 43(16), 3543 (2005)
Yu LY, Xu ZL, Shen HM, Yang H, J. Membr. Sci., 337(1-2), 257 (2009)
Yu LY, Xu ZL, Shen HM, Yang H, J. Membr. Sci., 337(1-2), 257 (2009)
Smolders K, Franken ACM, Desalination, 72, 249 (1989)
Khayet M, Feng CY, Khulbe KC, Matsuura T, Polymer, 43(14), 3879 (2002)
Garcia-Payo MC, Essalhi M, Khayet M, J. Membr. Sci., 347(1-2), 209 (2010)
Young JK, Chang HA, Choi MO, Eur. Polym. J., 46, 1957 (2010)
Zhang X, Wang Y, You YT, Meng H, Zhang JH, Xu XX, Appl. Surf. Sci., 263, 660 (2012)
Choi SS, Lee YS, Joo CW, Lee SG, Park JK, Han KS, Electrochim. Acta, 50(2-3), 339 (2004)
VenkateswaraRao A, Sakhare HM, Tamhankar AK, Shinde ML, Gadave DB, Wagh PB, Mater. Chem. Phys, 60, 268 (1999)
McCabe WL, Smith JC, Harriott P, Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, 4th Ed., Chemical Engineering Series, McGraw-Hill, New York (1985).
Zakrzewska-Trznadel G, Harasimowicz M, Chmielewski AG, J. Membr. Sci., 163(2), 257 (1999)
Galvez JB, Garcia-Rodriguez L, Martin-Mateos I, Desalination, 246(1-3), 567 (2009)
Zakrzewska-Trznadel G, Nukleonika, 51, 101 (2006)
Zakrzewska-Trznadel G, Harasimowicz M, Desalination, 162(1-3), 191 (2004)
Zakrzewska-Trznadel G, Harasimowicz M, Chmielewski AG, Sep. Purif. Technol., 23, 617 (2001)
El-Bourawi MS, Ding Z, Ma R, Khayet M, J. Membr. Sci., 285(1-2), 4 (2006)
Gryta M, Sep. Purif. Methods, 80, 293 (2011)
