Biomass-based activated carbonaceous fiber (ACF) was modified by nitric-acid oxidation under microwave heating (ACF-O) and then further treated by thioglycolic acid (ACF-S) to prepare carbon materials with high capability for the removal of Pb(II) ions. The physico-chemical properties of the original and modified ACF samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Zeta potential, Boehm titration, BET, Raman spectrum and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that modification treatments damage the pore and graphite crystalline structure of ACF, while the micropore structure is protected and extra oxygen-containing surface functional groups are grafted on its surface. The adsorption performance of the original and the modified ACF samples affected by adsorption conditions regarding to Pb(II) ion strength (10mg/L- 105mg/L), contact time (10min-120 min), pH value (2.5-6.5), and solvent temperature (15 °C-45 °C) was investigated through batch experiments. Compared to the maximum Pb(II) ion adsorption capacity of 75.24mg/g by ACF sample, the value was substantially improved by the integrated modification method (193.42mg/g for ACF-O and 209.21mg/g for ACF-S sample). The Biot number determined from the homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) was between 1 and 100 for the original and modified ACF samples, suggesting that the adsorption process of Pb(II) ions is limited by both the surface diffusion and film mass transfer.

Activated Carbonaceous Fiber Modification Adsorption Pb(II) Ions Isotherms Kinetics

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