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Received August 2, 2016
Accepted November 20, 2016
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Two-stage cracking catalyst of amorphous silica-alumina on Y zeolite for enhanced product selectivity and suppressed coking
1Catalysis and Nanostructured Materials Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, P. O. Box 11155/4563, Tehran, Iran 2Oil and Gas Center of Excellence, University of Tehran, P. O. Box 11155/4563, Tehran, Iran
khodadad@ut.ac.ir
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, March 2017, 34(3), 681-691(11), 10.1007/s11814-016-0327-8
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Abstract
A novel bilayer catalyst composed of amorphous silica-alumina (ASA) layer coated on Y zeolite layer is proposed as a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst to cause two-stage reactions of pre-cracking and deep-cracking. The bilayer catalyst (Y/ASA) is compared with the usual mixed one (ASA+Y), in catalytic cracking of a feed composed of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene and naphthalene. The two catalyst representations were prepared by applying layers of Y zeolite and ASA or both on inert monolith supports. Catalytic cracking experiments were carried out at 300, 350 and 400 oC. Compared to Y+ASA, Y/ASA yielded about 33% and 46% more benzene and toluene, respectively, and 18% less coke in the catalytic cracking at 350 °C. The coke of Y/ASA was less refractory than that of Y+ASA as burnt at lower temperatures, while emitting less carbon monoxide in regeneration. Y/ASA configuration shows promising features as FCC catalysts for increased bottoms cracking and suppressed coking.
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References
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O’Connor P, Yanik S, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 100, 323 (1996)
Ino T, Alkhattaf S, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 142(1), 5 (1996)
Chen WZ, Han DM, Sun XH, Li CY, Fuel, 106, 498 (2013)
Leydier F, Chizallet C, Chaumonnot A, Digne M, Soyer E, Quoineaud AA, Costa D, Raybaud P, J. Catal., 284(2), 215 (2011)
Shimada I, Takizawa K, Fukunaga H, Takahashi N, Takatsuka T, Fuel, 161, 207 (2015)
Lee KH, Ha BH, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 15(5), 533 (1998)
Wang B, Han CY, Zhang Q, Li CY, Yang CH, Shan HH, Energy Fuels, 29(9), 5701 (2015)
Hosseinpour N, Mortazavi Y, Bazyari A, Khodadadi AA, Fuel Process. Technol., 90(2), 171 (2009)
Jia L, Sun X, Ye X, Zou C, Gu H, Huang Y, Niu G, Zhao D, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 176, 16 (2013)
Liu X, Yang T, Bai P, Han L, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 181, 116 (2013)
Aghakhani MS, Khodadadi AA, Najafi S, Mortazavi Y, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(5), 3037 (2014)
Psarras AC, Iliopouiou EF, Nalbandian L, Lappas AA, Pouwels C, Catal. Today, 127(1-4), 44 (2007)
Bazyari A, Khodadadi AA, Hosseinpour N, Mortazavi Y, Fuel Process. Technol., 90(10), 1226 (2009)
Tonetto G, Atias J, de Lasa H, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 270(1-2), 9 (2004)
Al-Khattaf S, Atias JA, Jarosch K, de Lasa H, Chem. Eng. Sci., 57(22-23), 4909 (2002)
Al-Khattaf S, Odedairo T, Balasamy RJ, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 91(4), 607 (2013)
Falco M, Morgado E, Amadeo N, Sedran U, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 315, 29 (2006)
Mahgoub KA, Al-Khattaf S, Energy Fuels, 19(2), 329 (2005)
Pujro R, Falco M, Sedran U, Energy Fuels, 29(3), 1543 (2015)
Chen GM, Zhang XW, Mi ZT, J. Fuel. Chem. Technol., 35, 211 (2007)
Andreu P, Catal. Lett., 22, 135 (1993)
Beers AEW, Nijhuis TA, Aalders N, Kapteijn F, Moulijn JA, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 243(2), 237 (2003)
Zamaro JM, Ulla MA, Miro EE, Chem. Eng. J., 106(1), 25 (2005)
Beers A, Nijhuis T, Kapteijn F, Moulijn J, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 48, 279 (2001)
Sohn JR, DeCanio SJ, Fritz PO, Lunsford JH, J. Phys. Chem., 90, 4847 (1986)
Katada N, Kageyama Y, Niwa M, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104(31), 7561 (2000)
Costa AF, Cerqueira HS, Sousa-Aguiar EF, Ludvig MM, Performance of FCC catalysts prepared with sub-micron Y zeolite, in: M. C. E. van Steen, L. H. Callanan (Eds.) Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, Elsevier, 2296 (2004).
Sombatchaisak S, Praserthdam P, Chaisuk C, Panpranot J, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43(15), 4066 (2004)
Kerssens MM, Sprung C, Whiting GT, Weckhuysen BM, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 189, 136 (2014)
Al-Khattaf S, de Lasa H, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 226(1-2), 139 (2002)
Frunz L, Prins R, Pirngruber GD, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 88, 152 (2006)
Tsai TC, Liu SB, Wang IK, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 181(2), 355 (1999)
Al-Khattaf S, Energy Fuels, 22(6), 3612 (2008)
O'Connor P, Verlaan JPJ, Yanik SJ, Catal. Today, 43(3-4), 305 (1998)
Wang BD, Manos G, Chem. Eng. J., 142(2), 217 (2008)
