This film nanocomposite forward osmosis (TFN-FO) membrane was developed using polyethersulfone-ferrous ferric oxide (PES-Fe3O4) nanocomposite substrate. The results revealed that the porosity and the hydrophilicity of the PES substrate were improved after addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs), leading to reducing in structural parameter (S value or S) and water flux enhancement. To fabricate TFN membranes for FO application, a thin polyamide layer was fabricated by interfacial polymerization of m-Phenylenediamine (MPD) and 1, 3, 5-trimesoylchloride (TMC) on the top surface of PES-Fe3O4 nanocomposite substrates. The TFN membrane prepared with 0.2 wt% Fe3O4 NPs showing the most reliable results by exhibiting high water flux and low reverse solute flux. Furthermore, TFN0.2 membrane exhibited significantly higher pure water flux than that of control thin film composite (TFC) membrane in both AL-FS and AL-DS orientation when 10 mM NaCl and Caspian seawater was used as feed solution and 0.5 or 2M NaCl was used as draw solution. This improvement can be attributed to the fact that the S value of TFN0.2 is much lower in comparison to control TFC membrane (0.42 vs 0.78 mm), leading to reduced internal concentration polarization (ICP) effect.

Internal Concentration Polarization Fe3O4 Nanoparticle Thin Film Nanocomposite Substrate Forward Osmosis

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