ISSN: 0256-1115 (print version) ISSN: 1975-7220 (electronic version)
Copyright © 2024 KICHE. All rights reserved

Articles & Issues

Language
English
Conflict of Interest
In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Publication history
Received January 31, 2017
Accepted May 18, 2017
articles This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © KIChE. All rights reserved.

All issues

Re-refining of used lubricant oil by solvent extraction using central composite design method

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology, 52 AlSinaa Street, Baghdad, Iraq 1Doura Refinery, Baghdad, Iraq
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, September 2017, 34(9), 2435-2444(10), 10.1007/s11814-017-0139-5
downloadDownload PDF

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to recover base oil from used oil using solvent extraction followed by the adsorption method. Many effective variables were examined within the solvent extraction method, including using different solvents, solvent/used oil, temperature and speed of blending. Central composite design (CCD) was applied as the statistical method. Response surface methodology was then used to find the optimum conditions in the process of extraction: ratio of solvent/used oil 2.4 and 3.12 vol/vol, temperature=54 and 18 °C, and speed of mixing=569 and 739 rpm for 1-butanol and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), respectively. Various flocculation agents were used with the solvent, such as Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and Monoethylamine (MEA); they provided an increase in the separation efficiency. The best result was obtained when using 2 grams of MEA/kg solvent; this amount of MEA increases sludge removal from 12.6% to 14.7%. In the process of clay adsorption, the variables that were tested included the ratio of clay/extract oil, temperature and time of contact. The best conditions in the process of adsorption by activated bentonite were a ratio of clay/extract oil=15 wt/vol%, temperature=120 °C, and time of contact=150 minutes. The recovered base oil was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and compared to Iraqi specifications of base oils. The recovered base oil specifications were analyzed, including, viscosity @100 °C 8.32, 9.22 cSt, pour point -17.35, -22.23 °C, flash point 210.12, 223.04 oC, total acid number (TAN) 0.25, nill, total base number (TBN) nill, nill, ash 0.031, 0.0019wt% and color 3.0, 2.5 for two types of base oil recovered using MEK, 1- butanol with activated bentonite, respectively.

References

Mohammed RR, Ibrahim IAR, Taha AH, McKay G, Chem. Eng. J., 220, 343 (2013)
Yin H, Tan Q, Chen Y, Lv G, He D, Hou X, Microchem J., 97, 131 (2011)
Dos Reis MA, Jeronimo MS, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 27, 1222 (1988)
Kamal A, Naqvi D, Khan F, Pet. Sci. Technol., 27, 1810 (2009)
Wu C, Hamada M, Experiments: Planning, Analysis, and Parameter Design Optimization, Wiley (2001).
VeredaAlonso E, Torres AG, Cordero MS, Pavon JC, Microchem J., 97 (2011)
Omolara AM, Olurotimi AD, Olatunji GO, Int. J. Ene. Env. Res., 3, 1 (2015)
Durrani AH, Panhwar MI, Kazi R, Quarterly Mehran University Res. J. Eng. Technol., 31 (2012).
Montgomery DC, Design and analysis of experiments, 4th Ed. Wiley, New York (1996).
Ozer A, Gurbuz G, Calimli A, Korbahti BK, Chem. Eng. J., 146(3), 377 (2009)
Myers and Montgomery, Response surface methodology: process and product optimization using designed experiments, 2nd Ed. Wiley, New York (2002).
Hussein M, Amer AA, Gaberah AS, Am. J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 144 (2014).
Yang X, Chen L, Xiang S, Li L, Xia D, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 52, 12763 (2013)
Jamil SM, Ali MW, Ripin A, Ahmad A, J. Appl. Sci., 15, 516 (2015)
Kamal MA, Naqvi SMD, Khan F, Scientific World J., 2014, (2014).
Komaki M, Malakooti B, International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management Detroit, Michigan, USA (2016).
Katiyar V, Husain S, Cur. World Environ., 5, 23 (2010)
Kamal A, Khan F, Oil Gas Sci. Technol., 64, 191 (2009)
Thomas WJ, Crittenden B, Adsorption technology & design, Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd. (1998).
Udonne JD, J. Petroleum Gas Eng., 2, 12 (2011)
Jodeh S, MSM, Obeid AAA, Warad I, Environ. Sci., 6, 580 (2015)
Al-Jobouri IS, Dhahir SA, Al-SaadeAl-Saade K. KA, Am. J. Environ. Sci., 9, 269 (2013)
Abdel-Jabbar NM, Al Zubaidy EAH, Mehrvar M, Int. J. Chem. Bio. Eng., 3, 70 (2010)
Salem S, Salem A, Babaei AA, Chem. Eng. J., 260, 368 (2015)

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers. F5, 119, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, 233 Spring Street Seoul 02856, South Korea.
TEL. No. +82-2-458-3078FAX No. +82-507-804-0669E-mail : kiche@kiche.or.kr

Copyright (C) KICHE.all rights reserved.

- Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 상단으로