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Received April 2, 2018
Accepted June 26, 2018
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Surface modified nanostructured-TiO2 thin films for removal of Congo red
National Institute of Technology Mizoram Chaltlang, Aizawl- 706002 (Mizoram), India 1Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Korea 2Department of Health and Environment, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Korea
leesm@cku.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, October 2018, 35(10), 2133-2137(5), 10.1007/s11814-018-0114-9
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Abstract
We synthesized nanostructured TiO2 thin films by the modified sol-gel template method using the polyethylene glycol as filler media. The TiO2 surface modification for both the thin films, i.e., template and non-template, was done with the ascorbic acid. All the four thin film samples, S1 (TiO2 (non-template), TiO2 (template), S3 (S1 modified with ascorbic acid) and S4 (S2 modified with ascorbic acid), were characterized by various analytical methods. Phase evaluation was monitored by the X-Ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, the thin films particle sizes were obtained to be 22.32, 21.20, 14.52 and 16.77 nm, respectively for the samples S1, S2, S3 and S4. The changes in particle size and morphology due to the PEG and ascorbic acid were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Similarly, thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed to determine the decomposition behavior of organic compound present in the solid samples. The functional groups were determined by infrared (IR) analysis. The photocatalytic efficiency, as a reference of Congo red, was conducted using all the four samples of TiO2 thin films. Complete photocatalytic degradation of Congo red was achieved by these samples within 130, 80, 40 and 30 mins of UV illumination.
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Singh J, Chang YY, Koduru JR, Yang JK, Singh DP, Environ. Eng. Res., 22, 245 (2017)
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Yang H, Cheng H, Sep. Purif. Technol., 56(3), 392 (2007)
Lu JF, Zhang T, Ma J, Chen ZL, J. Hazard. Mater., 162(1), 140 (2009)
Coleman HM, Marquis CP, Scott JA, Chin SS, Amal R, Chem. Eng. J., 113(1), 55 (2005)
Rodriguez SM, Galvez JB, Gasca CAE, Solar Energy, 77, 443 (2004)
Franch MI, Ayllon JA, Peral J, Domenech X, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 50(2), 89 (2004)
Esplugas S, Gimenez J, Conteras S, Pascual E, Rodrıguez M, Water Res., 36, 1034 (2002)
Rather RA, Singh S, Pal B, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 37, 288 (2016)
Jiang Y, Li F, Liu Y, Hong Y, Liu P, Ni L, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 41, 130 (2016)
Pera-Titus M, Garcia-Molina V, Banos MA, Gimenez J, Esplugas S, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 47(4), 219 (2004)
Andreozzi R, Caprio V, Insola A, Marotta R, Catal. Today, 53(1), 51 (1999)
Herrmann JM, Catal. Today, 53(1), 115 (1999)
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Fujishima A, Rao TN, Tryk DA, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C: Photochem., 1, 1 (2000)
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Byrne JA, Eggins BR, J. Electroanal. Chem., 457(1-2), 61 (1998)
Serpone N, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 104, 1 (1997)
Park NG, van de Lagemaat J, Frank AJ, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104(38), 8989 (2000)
Yasumori A, Yamazaki K, Shibata S, Yamane M, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn., 102, 702 (1994)
Sonawane RS, Hedge SG, Dongare MK, Mater. Chem. Phys., 77, 744 (2002)
Nam SH, Shin YJ, An YJ, Environ. Eng. Res., 22, 426 (2017)
Mendoza JA, Lee DH, Kang JH, Environ. Eng. Res., 21, 291 (2016)
Karlsson PG, Richter JH, Andersson MP, Johansson MKJ, Blomquist J, Uvdal P, Sandell A, Surf. Sci., 605, 1147 (2001)
Lopez A, Acosta D, Martinez AI, Santiago J, Powder Technol., 202(1-3), 111 (2010)
Ishikawa Y, Matsumoto Y, Electrochim. Acta, 46(18), 2819 (2001)
Keshmiri M, Mohseni M, Troczynski T, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 53(4), 209 (2004)
Chen Y, Stathatos E, Dionysiou DD, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 203, 192 (2009)
Arconada N, Duran A, Suarez S, Portela R, Coronado JM, Sanchez B, Castro Y, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 86(1-2), 1 (2009)
Xagas AP, Bernard MC, Goff AGL, Spyrellis N, Loizos Z, Falaras P, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 132, 115 (2000)
Lopez L, Daoud WA, Dutta D, Surf. Coat. Technol., 205, 251 (2010)
Rahim S, Ghamsari MS, Radiman S, Scientia Iranica F, 19, 948 (2012)
Maira AJ, Coronado JM, Augugliaro V, Yeung KL, Conesa JC, Soria J, J. Catal., 202(2), 413 (2001)
Devi LG, Reddy KM, Appl. Surf. Sci., 257(15), 6821 (2011)
Sugapriya S, Sriram R, Lakshmi S, Optik, 124, 4971 (2013)
Kim JW, Ki CS, Um IC, Park YH, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 56, 335 (2017)
