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Received March 28, 2018
Accepted September 29, 2018
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Effect of vanadium surface density and structure in VOx/TiO2 on selective catalytic reduction by NH3
Department of Environmental Energy Systems Engineering, Kyonggi University, 94 San, Iui-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16227, Korea
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, December 2018, 35(12), 2365-2378(14), 10.1007/s11814-018-0158-x
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Abstract
We investigated the correlation between vanadium surface density and VOx structure species in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3. The properties of the VOx/TiO2 catalysts were investigated using physicochemical measurements, including BET, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FE-TEM, UV-visible DRS, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, O2-On/ Off. Catalysts were prepared using the wet impregnation method by supporting 1.0-3.0 wt% vanadium on TiO2 thermally treated at various calcination temperatures. Through the above analysis, we found that VOx surface density was 3.4 VOx/nm2, and the optimal V loading amounts were 2.0-2.5 wt% and the specific surface area was 65-80m2/g. In addition, it was confirmed that the optimal VOx surface density and formation of vanadium structure species correlated with the reaction activity depending on the V loading amounts and the specific surface area size.
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Wang CZ, Yang SJ, Chang HZ, Peng Y, Li JH, Chem. Eng. J., 225, 520 (2013)
Lietti L, Forzatti P, Bregani F, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 35(11), 3884 (1996)
Amiridis MD, Wachs IE, Deo G, Jehng JM, Kim DS, J. Catal., 161(1), 247 (1996)
Topsoe NY, Anstrom M, Dumesic JA, Catal. Lett., 76(1-2), 11 (2001)
Inomata M, Miyamoto A, Murakami Y, J. Catal., 62, 140 (1980)
Miyamoto A, Yamazaki Y, Inomata M, Kurakami Y, J. Phys. Chem., 85, 2366 (1981)
Granger P, Parvulescu VI, Chem. Rev., 111(5), 3155 (2011)
Liu Z, Woo SI, Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 48, 43 (2006)
Cavani F, Cortelli C, Frattini A, Panzacchi B, Ravaglia V, Trifiro F, Fumagalli C, Leanza R, Mazzoni G, Catal. Today, 118(3-4), 298 (2006)
Nielsen UG, Topsoe NY, Brorson M, Skibsted J, Jakobsen HJ, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126(15), 4926 (2004)
Bellifa A, Lahcene D, Tchenar Y, Choukchou-Braham A, Bachir R, Bedrane S, Kappensteine C, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 305(1), 1 (2006)
Liu Z, Zhang S, Li J, Zhu J, Ma L, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 158-159, 11 (2014)
Giraud F, Geantet C, Guihaume N, Loridant S, Gros S, Porcheron L, Kanniche M, Bianchi D, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 15401 (2015)
Georgiadou I, Papadopoulou C, Matralis HK, Voyiatzis GA, Lycourghiotis A, Kordulis C, J. Phys. Chem. B, 102(43), 8459 (1998)
Balikdjian JP, Davidson A, Launay S, Eckert H, Che M, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104(38), 8931 (2000)
Srinivas D, Holderich WF, Kujath S, Valkenberg MH, Raja T, Saikia L, Hinze R, Ramaswamy V, J. Catal., 259(2), 165 (2008)
Giakoumelou L, Fountzoula C, Kordulis C, Boghosian S, J. Catal., 239(1), 1 (2006)
Tang F, Zhuang K, Yang F, Yang L, Xu B, Qiu J, Fan Y, Chin. J. Catal., 33, 933 (2012)
Wu Z, Schwartz V, Li M, Rondinone AJ, Overbury SH, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 3, 1517 (2012)
Lietti L, Nova I, Forzatti P, Top. Catal., 11-12, 111 (2000)
Peng Y, Wang CZ, Li JH, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 144, 538 (2014)
Banares MA, Alemany LJ, Jimenez MC, Larrubia MA, Delgado F, Granados ML, Martinez-Arias A, Blasco JM, J. Solid State Chem., 124, 69 (1996)
Wachs IE, Catal. Today, 27(3-4), 437 (1996)
Engweiler J, Harf J, Baiker A, J. Catal., 159(2), 259 (1996)
Kobayashi M, Miyoshi K, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 72(3-4), 253 (2007)
Panagiotou GD, Petsi T, Bourikas K, Kordulis C, Lycourghiotis A, J. Catal., 262(2), 266 (2009)
Shannon RD, Pask JA, J. Amer. Cer. Soc., 48, 391 (2006)
Bulushev DA, Kiwi-Minsker L, Rainone F, Renken A, J. Catal., 205(1), 115 (2002)
Busca G, J. Raman Spectrosc., 33, 348 (2002)
Banares MA, Wachs IE, J. Raman Spectrosc., 33, 359 (2002)
Went GT, Oyama ST, Bell AT, J. Phys. Chem., 94, 4240 (1990)
Christodoulakis A, Machli M, Lemonidou AA, Boghosian S, J. Catal., 222(2), 293 (2004)
Engweiler J, Harf J, Baiker A, J. Catal., 159(2), 259 (1996)
Kobayashi M, Miyoshi K, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 72(3-4), 253 (2007)
Panagiotou GD, Petsi T, Bourikas K, Kordulis C, Lycourghiotis A, J. Catal., 262(2), 266 (2009)
Bulanek R, Capek L, Setnicka M, Cicmanec P, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 12430 (2011)
Moussa N, Ghorbel A, Appl. Surf. Sci., 255(5), 2270 (2008)
Catana G, Rao RR, Weckhuysen BM, Van Der Voort P, Vansant E, Schoonheydt RA, J. Phys. Chem. B, 102(41), 8005 (1998)
Wei D, Wang H, Feng XB, Chueh WT, Ravikovitch P, Lyubovsky M, Li C, Takeguchi T, Haller GL, J. Phys. Chem. B, 103(12), 2113 (1999)
Miller JM, Lakshmi LJ, J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 144, 451 (1999)
Due-Hansen J, Rasmussen SB, Mikolajska E, Banares MA, Avila P, Fehrmann R, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 107(3-4), 340 (2011)
Alyea EC, Lakshmi LJ, Ju Z, Langmuir, 13(21), 5621 (1997)
Kwon DW, Park KH, Hong SC, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 499, 1 (2015)
Kompio PGWA, Bruckner A, Hipler F, Auer G, Loffler E, Grunert W, J. Catal., 286, 237 (2012)
Meiqing S, Chenxu L, Jianqiang W, Lili X, Wulin W, Jun W, RSC Adv., 5, 35155 (2015)
Kumar RR, Rao KN, Rajanna K, Phani AR, Mater. Lett., 106, 164 (2013)
Salman MM, Kumar PA, Phil HH, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 152-153, 28 (2014)
Zhao K, Han WL, Lu GX, Lu JY, Tang ZC, Zhen XP, Appl. Surf. Sci., 379, 316 (2016)
Pinaeva LG, Suknev AP, Budneva AA, Paukshtis EA, Bal’zhinimaev BS, J. Catal., 193, 145 (2000)
Lietti L, Ramis G, Berti F, Toledo G, Robba D, Busca G, Forzatti P, Catal. Today, 42(1-2), 101 (1998)
Handy BE, Baiker A, Schraml-Marth M, Wokaun A, J. Catal., 133, 1 (1992)
Martinez S, Morales R, Galindo MGC, Rodriguez AG, Handy BE, Thermochim. Acta, 434, 74 (2005)
Shi AJ, Wang XQ, Yu T, Shen MQ, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 106(3-4), 359 (2011)
Wang CZ, Yang SJ, Chang HZ, Peng Y, Li JH, Chem. Eng. J., 255, 520 (2013)
Sun CZ, Dong LH, Yu WJ, Liu LC, Li H, Gao F, Dong L, Chen Y, J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 346(1-2), 29 (2011)
Roozeboom F, Mittelmeijer-Hazeleger MC, Moulijn JA, Medema J, De Beer VHJ, Gellings PHJ, J. Phys. Chem., 84, 2783 (1980)
Putluru SSR, Schill L, Godiksen A, Poreddy R, Mossin S, Jensen AD, Fehrmann R, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 183, 282 (2016)
Wang CZ, Yang SJ, Chang HZ, Peng Y, Li JH, Chem. Eng. J., 225, 520 (2013)
Lietti L, Forzatti P, Bregani F, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 35(11), 3884 (1996)
Amiridis MD, Wachs IE, Deo G, Jehng JM, Kim DS, J. Catal., 161(1), 247 (1996)
Topsoe NY, Anstrom M, Dumesic JA, Catal. Lett., 76(1-2), 11 (2001)
Inomata M, Miyamoto A, Murakami Y, J. Catal., 62, 140 (1980)
Miyamoto A, Yamazaki Y, Inomata M, Kurakami Y, J. Phys. Chem., 85, 2366 (1981)
