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In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
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Received June 18, 2018
Accepted November 14, 2018
articles This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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A hydrophilic-oleophobic chitosan/SiO2 composite membrane to enhance oil fouling resistance in membrane distillation

1Nanotechnology Institute, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave., Babol, 47148-71167, Iran 2Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box: 87317-53153, Kashan, Iran 3Department of Carpet, Faculty of Architecture & Art, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, February 2019, 36(2), 255-264(10), 10.1007/s11814-018-0188-4
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Abstract

To develop an inexpensive and simple technology and increase anti-oil fouling resistance for membrane distillation applications, a hydrophilic/oleophobic nanocomposite membrane was fabricated by using SiO2/Chitosan (CT) sol solution coating with different volume ratios (0.5 : 1, 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 v/v) on PVDF membrane surface. The formation of SiO2/CT layer on membrane surface was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The influence of hydrophilic nanocomposite layer on the characteristics of membranes, including in-air water contact angle, morphology, porosity, liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw) and direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) performance, was investigated. The results show that the composite membrane (SiO2/CT (1 : 1 v/v)- PVDF membrane) by adding of 0.5 and 1 g/L gasoline concentrations not only incurred fouling but also a higher flux with respect to the neat membrane in each gasoline concentration. During 8 hours continuous desalination process of saline gasoline emulsion solution (20 gr/L NaCl solution containing 0.5 gr/L gasoline), it was found that all modified membranes had high performance stability in comparison with the neat membrane, the modified membrane showed high performance stability and flux without decreased salt rejection (99.9%). At the end, we conducted performance comparison between the prepared membranes in current work and presser based process.

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