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Received July 26, 2018
Accepted April 23, 2019
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
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Vertically aligned TiO2/ZnO nanotube arrays prepared by atomic layer deposition for photovoltaic applications
Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea 2Institut für Chemie and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, Berlin 12489, Germany 3Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2019, 36(7), 1157-1163(7), 10.1007/s11814-019-0280-4
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Abstract
Vertically aligned TiO2/ZnO nanotube (NT) arrays were developed for application to photoanodes in mesoscopic solar cells. By a two-step anodic oxidation, vertically aligned TiO2 NT arrays with highly ordered surface structure were prepared, followed by deposition of a ZnO shell with a precisely controlled thickness using atomic layer deposition (ALD). When applied to a photoanode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), the photovoltage is gradually enhanced as the ZnO shell thickness of the TiO2/ZnO NT electrodes is increased. Furtheremore, the electron lifetime in photoanodes is significantly enhanced due to the ZnO shell, which is examined by open-circuit voltage decay (OCVD) measurement. Photocurrent density-voltage (J-V) curves under the dark condition and OCVD spectra reveal that a negative shift in TiO2 conduction band potential and an energy barrier effect owing to the ZnO shell concurrently contribute to the enhancement of VOC and electron lifetime.
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George SM, Chem. Rev., 110(1), 111 (2010)
Marichy C, Bechelany M, Pinna N, Adv. Mater., 24(8), 1017 (2012)
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Hagfeldt A, Boschloo G, Sun LC, Kloo L, Pettersson H, Chem. Rev., 110(11), 6595 (2010)
Ku Y, Huang YH, Chou YC, J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 342, 18 (2011)
He YM, Wang Y, Zhang LH, Teng BT, Fan MH, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 168, 1 (2015)
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Filippin AN, Macias-Montero M, Saghi Z, Idigoras J, Burdet P, et al., Sci. Rep., 7, 9621 (2017)
Quintana M, Edvinsson T, Hagfeldt A, Boschloo G, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 1035 (2007)
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Zaban A, Greenshtein M, Bisquert J, ChemphysChem, 4, 859 (2003)
Han L, Koide N, Chiba Y, Mitate T, Appl. Phys. Lett., 84, 2433 (2004)
Schlichthorl G, Huang SY, Sprague J, Frank AJ, J. Phys. Chem. B, 101(41), 8141 (1997)
Fisher AC, Peter LM, Ponomarev EA, Walker AB, Wijayantha KGU, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104(5), 949 (2000)
