This study evaluated the water quality above the marine sediment by inputting oxygen releasing compound (ORC) processed from calcined oyster shells. Presumed vital parameters such as DO, pH, ORP, chlorophyll-a and classified phosphorous compounds were monitored for 20 d. ORP decreased with time in the control bed, while it increased to a positive value as a result of the ORC effect. DO kept showing a relatively high concentration in ORC treated column. We observed an increase of chlorophyll-a and a decrease of dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) simultaneously, which meant the released inorganic phosphorus would convert to an organic form in the overlying water. TP rises were the lowest in the ORC column (79%), meanwhile in the control column those went up to 0.304mg/L (85%). Also, phosphorus fractions were measured in the sediment: Fe-P decreased in control while Fe-P and Ca-P soared greatly in the ORC column. This implies that in more oxidized environment inorganic phosphate bound to Ca-species would be eliminated as solidified precipitates in the sediment pore water, and it consequently suppressed the release of phosphates to the overlying water. The results indicate that the release of phosphorus and resulting eutrophication could be effectively controlled via the local environment improved by calcined ORC.

Oyster Shell Calcined Oyster Oceanic Sediment Phosphorus Release Phosphorus Fractions

Chapra SC, Surface water-quality modeling, McGraw-Hill Publisher, New York (1997).
Baturin GN, Lithology Mineral Resources, 38, 101 (2003)
Caetano M, Vale C, Mar. Chem., 79, 261 (2002)
Coelho JP, Flindt MR, Jensen HS, Lillebo AI, Pardal MA, Estuar. Coas. Shelf Sci., 61, 583 (2004)
Fytianos K, Kotzakioti A, Environ. Monit. Assess., 100, 191 (2005)
Lijklema L, Koelmans AA, Portielje R, Water Sci. Technol., 28, 1 (1993)
Masunaga S, Wolfe NL, Carriera L, Water Sci. Technol., 28, 123 (1993)
Holdren GC, Armstrong DE, Environ. Sci. Technol., 14, 79 (1980)
Stumm W, Morgan JJ, Aquatic Chemistry 3rd Ed., New York, Wiley (1996).
Furumai H, Kondo T, Ohgaki S, Water Res., 23, 685 (1989)
Gonsiorezyk T, Casper P, Koschel R, Water Sci. Technol., 37, 51 (1998)
Froelich PN, Bender ML, Luedtke NA, Heath GR, DeVries T, Am. J. Sci., 282, 474 (1982)
Mort HP, Slomp CP, Gustafsson BG, Andersen TJ, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 74, 1350 (2010)
Yang J, Lin FK, Yang L, Hua DY, J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng., 50, 49 (2015).
Dahl M, Dunning CP, Green T, Water Sci. Technol., 28, 209 (1993)
Lu SG, Zhang X, Xue YF, J. Hazard. Mater., 337, 163 (2017)
Wang Y, Wang WH, Yan FL, Ding Z, Feng LL, Zhao JC, Sci. Total Environ., 650, 2796 (2019)
Lee HS, Park DW, Woo DS, J. Korea Acad. Ind. Cooperation Soc., 10, 3971 (2009)
Stookey LL, Anal. Chem., 42, 779 (1970)
Viollier E, Inglett PW, Hunter K, Roychoudhury AN, Cappellen PV, Appl. Geochem., 15, 785 (2000)
Ruttenberg KC, Limnol. Oceanogr., 37, 1460 (1992)
Watanabe FS, Olsen SR, Soil Sci., 93, 183 (1962)
Fisher TR, Carlson PR, Barber RT, Estuar. Coas. Shelf Sci., 14, 101 (1982)
Ishikawa M, Nishimura H, Water. Res., 23, 351 (1989)
Khoshmanesh A, Hart BT, Duncan A, Beckett R, Environ. Technol., 20, 85 (1999)
Lijklema L, Interactions between sediments and fresh water, Proc. Int. Symp., 313 (1977).
Hyun J, J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr., 10, 145 (2005)
Berner RA, Ruttenberg KC, Ingall ED, Rao JL, Interactions of C, N, P and S Biogeochem. Cycles and Glob. Chang., 14, 365 (1993).
Nealson KH, Saffarini D, Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 48, 311 (1994)
Ruttenberg KC, Berner RA, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 57, 991 (1993)
Bostrom B, Andersen JM, Fleischer S, Jansson M, Hydrobiologia,, 170, 229 (1988)
Cha HJ, Lee CB, Kim BS, Choi MS, Ruttenberg KC, Mar. Geol., 216, 127 (2005)