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Received November 7, 2019
Accepted February 27, 2020
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
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Defect-controlled Fe-N-doped carbon nanofiber by ball-milling for oxygen reduction reaction
Yeonsun Sohn1
Dong-gun Kim1
Ji Ho Lee1
Sujin Lee1
In Seon Hwang1
Soo-Hyoung Lee1
Sung Jong Yoo2 3
Pil Kim1†
1School of Chemical Engineering, School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Solar Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, JeonJu, Jeonbuk 54896, Korea 2Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea 3Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
kimpil1@jbnu.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, June 2020, 37(6), 938-945(8), 10.1007/s11814-020-0522-5
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Abstract
We demonstrate that control of the defect level on carbon materials is effective for enhancing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance of nonprecious-metal catalysts. Vapor-grown carbon nanofiber (VGCNF) with high crystallinity and high electronic conductivity was chosen as the substrate of our ORR catalysts. To induce defects on the VGCNF, it was subjected to ball-milling for various controlled times, yielding BMx-VGCNF (x represents the ball-milling time, 0-6 h). The defect level introduced on the VGCNF was effectively regulated by controlling the ballmilling time. Although the density of defect sites increased with increasing ball-milling time, the surface area was highest in BM2-VGCNF. Nonprecious-metal ORR catalysts (BMx-Fe-VGCNF) were prepared by NH3 pyrolysis of Fe-ionadsorbed BMx-VGCNF. The ball-milling of VGCNF was effective to introduce nitrogen onto the catalyst. In particular, the controlled ball-milling was important to generate highly active sites on the catalyst surface. Among the catalysts studied, BM2-Fe-VGCNF exhibited the best ORR performance, which was 2.5-times greater than that of BMx-Fe-VGCNF (x=4, 6).
Keywords
References
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Zhang H, Osgood H, Xie X, Shao Y, Wu G, Nano Energy, 31, 331 (2017)
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Niu YL, Huang XQ, Hu WH, J. Power Sources, 332, 305 (2016)
Artyushkova K, Matanovic I, Halevi B, Atanassov P, J. Phys. Chem. C, 121, 2836 (2017)
