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Language: English

Conflict of Interest: In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Publication history: Received December 21, 2019
Accepted February 28, 2020

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Evaluation of long-term stability in capacitive deionization using activated carbon electrodes coated with ion exchange polymers

Kyusik Jo¹ Youngbin Baek^2† Seoni Kim¹ Sung Pil Hong¹ Jeyong Yoon^{1 3†}

¹School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea ²Department of Biotechnology, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 01133, Korea ³Korea Environment Institute, 370 Sicheong-daero, Sejong-si 30147, Korea

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2020, 37(7), 1199-1205(7), 10.1007/s11814-020-0530-5

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Abstract

Although capacitive deionization (CDI) is an energy-efficient and environment-friendly desalination technique, the severe performance decrease during long-term operation has been a critical obstacle to its practical application. Compared to various other approaches for stability improvement, the ion-exchange polymer (IEP) coating on the electrode seems to be both efficient and economically feasible. Nevertheless, there have only been limited studies aimed at understanding the role of IEP on stabilizing CDI operations. In this study, we investigated the effect of IEP on CDI performance by varying the amount of IEP coated on the electrodes. The polymer layer thickness was varied across the three IEP-coated electrodes used in this study (0, 30, and 100 꺷m). By monitoring the salt adsorption capacity (SAC) during the 50-h operation, it was found that the long-term stability of the system was dramatically improved upon using the IEP-coated electrodes. Additionally, the SAC retention was further improved with increasing IEP layer thickness. Based on the experimental analysis, we could conclude that the activated carbon particles… coating layer acted as a barrier to block the water molecules from the electrode surface, hence impeding carbon oxidation. The outer polymer layer formed on the electrode could additionally block the diffusion of oxygen sources from the bulk solution to the electrode, which further reduced the possibility of carbon oxidation. The results suggest that the IEP coating is effective towards maintaining the performance of the electrodes, and thicker IEP layers increased the electrode stability.

Keywords

Capacitive Deionization Desalination Long-term Stability Ion Exchange Polymer Coating Carbon Oxidation

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