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Conflict of Interest: In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Publication history: Received July 20, 2020
Accepted September 1, 2020

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Onset of evaporation-driven gravitational instability in a saline solution

Min Chan Kim^†

Department of Chemical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea

mckim@cheju.ac.kr

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, January 2021, 38(1), 144-151(8), 10.1007/s11814-020-0673-4

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Abstract

The onset time of buoyancy-driven instability in a saline solution where evaporation proceeds through the solution-air interface is analyzed theoretically and numerically. Based on linear stability theory, new stability equations are derived and numerically solved. Also, nonlinear numerical simulations are conducted using FEM solver, COMSOL Multiphysics.® It is clearly shown that as the evaporation proceeds, the height of solution continuously decreases with time. Moreover, as the evaporation proceeds, concentrated saline solution near the evaporating surface induces gravitational instability. The critical time determined from the linear stability analysis explains the numerical simulation results reasonably. The present theoretical and numerical studies present that evaporation-driven instability is governed by the dimensionless evaporation rate, α, and the initial salt concentration, Ra. The present numerical simulations explain the previous experimental plume dynamics in the evaporation-driven instability systems quite well.

Keywords

Evaporation Gravitational Instability Linear Stability Analysis Numerical Simulation

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