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Received March 30, 2021
Accepted June 13, 2021
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Facile synthesis of zero valent sulfur nanoparticles for catalytic detoxification of hexavalent chromium, cytotoxicity against microalgae and ultraviolet protection properties
Shama Sehar†
Layla Jassim Hazeem1
Iffat Naz2
Abdul Rehman3
Wuyang Sun4
Saleh S. Alhewairini5
Ali Salman Bin Thani1
Mohammad Salim Akhter6
Adnan Younis7†
College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain 1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain 2Department of Biology, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Qassim Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) 3Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Pakistan 4School of Petrochemical Technology and Energy Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China 5Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6622, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) 6Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain 7Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, November 2021, 38(11), 2294-2303(10), 10.1007/s11814-021-0868-3
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Abstract
Industrial effluents that contain various toxic substances have polluted our water and soil and posed major health issues. Thus, their removal or conversion to non-toxic products is highly crucial and desirable. This work emphasizes the synthesis of sulfur nanoparticles through precipitation method using anionic and cationic surfactants for exploring its catalytic efficiency in the photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium Cr (VI). As-synthesized sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) were physically characterized by UV-Vis absorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The SNPs prepared using both surfactants have narrow size distribution with great homogeneity (50-80 nm). Moreover, excellent efficiency for Cr (VI) to Cr (III) reduction was recorded for SNPs. Besides, cytotoxicity analysis against microalgae Picochlorum sp. was analyzed and the SNPs showed no negative effect on algal growth and chlorophyll a concentration. Finally, the SNPs were found to provide excellent sunlight protection. Our results highlight that SNPs have great potential for the treatment of industrial wastewater with greater reproducibility. Moreover, they are equally effective against harmful sun rays and are suitable in different skin care products.
Keywords
References
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Younis A, Chu D, Kaneti YV, Li S, Nanoscale, 8, 378 (2016)
Sehar S, Naz I, Rehman A, Sun W, Alhewairini S, Zahid MN, Younis A, Appl. Organomet. Chem., 35, e6069 (2021)
Younis A, Physica E, 126, 114475 (2021)
He S, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Wang J, Gu N, Mater. Lett., 61, 3984 (2007)
Bhumkar DR, Joshi HM, Sastry M, Pokharkar VB, Pharm. Res., 24, 1415 (2007)
Younis A, Chu D, Li S, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2, 10291 (2014)
Younis A, Zhang L, Chu D, Li S, Appl. Phys. Lett., 108, 033506 (2016)
Thema FT, Manikandan E, Gurib-Fakim A, Maaza M, J. Alloy. Compd., 657, 655 (2016)
Li DN, Shao FQ, Feng JJ, Wei J, Zhang QL, Wang AJ, Mater. Chem. Phys., 205, 64 (2018)
Hu LY, Chen LX, Liu MT, Wang AJ, Wu LJ, Feng JJ, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 493, 94 (2017)
Younis A, Chu A, Shah AH, Du H, Li S, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 1585 (2017)
Sehar S, Naz I, Perveen I, Ahmed S, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 36(1), 56 (2019)
Guo X, Gei GT, Su H, De Zhang L, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 1608 (2011)
Avudainayagam S, et al., Chemistry of chromium in soils with emphasis on tannery waste sites, NY (2003).
Desai C, Jain K, Madamwar D, Bioresour. Technol., 99(14), 6059 (2008)
Lu Z, Ouyang X, Zhang W, Lu F, Appl. Mech. Mater., 295, 74 (2013)
Jain K, et al., Bacterial interaction with chromium and strategies for remediation of hexavalent chromium pollution, Boca Raton (2017).
Ahmed MA, Elsir AT, Mohammed F, Elbushra HA, Tawer S, Eassa N, MRS Adv., 3, 42 (2018)
Duresa LW, Kuo DH, Ahmed KE, Zeleke MA, Abdullah H, New J. Chem., 43, 8746 (2019)
Ellis AS, Johnson TM, Bullen TD, Science, 295, 2060 (2002)
Chiu A, et al., J. Environ. Sci. Health C. Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev., 28, 188 (2010).
Khan MS, et al., Chromium-plant-growthpromoting rhizobacteria interactions: Toxicity and management, Vienna (2012).
Abdullah H, Kuo DH, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 7, 26941 (2015)
Zhao H, Zhang G, Chong S, Zhang N, Liu Y, Ultrason. Sonochem., 27, 474 (2015)
Adam C, Wohlfarth J, Haußmann M, Sennefelder H, Rodin A, Maler M, Martin SF, Goebeler M, Schmidt M, J. Invest. Dermatol., 137, 367 (2017)
Nezar S, Cherifi Y, Barras A, Addad A, Dogheche E, Saoula N, Laoufi NA, Roussel P, Szunerits S, Boukherroub R, Arab. J. Chem., 12, 215 (2019)
Choudhury SR, Roy S, Goswami A, Basu S, J. Antimicrob. Chemoter., 67, 1134 (2012)
Faten Z, Mustafa H, Muayad ALD, J. Microb. Biochem. Technol., 10, 59 (2018)
Valizadeh S, Rasoulifard MH, Dorraji MSS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 33(2), 481 (2016)
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Paris, France (1984).
Vohra FC, Determination of photosynthetic pigment in seawater. Monographs on oceanographic methodology, UNESCO, France (1966).
Donglikar MM, Deore SL, Pharmacogn. J., 8, 171 (2016)
Sayre RM, Black HS, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B-Biol., 12, 83 (1992)
Ramimoghadam D, Bin Hussein MZ, Taufiq-Yap YH, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 13(10), 13275 (2012)
El-Nagar GA, Sarhan RM, Abouserie A, Maticiuc N, Bargheer M, Lauermann I, Roth C, Sci. Rep., 7, 12181 (2017)
Strauss HL, Greenhouse JA, Elemental sulfur chemistry and physics, Interscience Publishers, New York (1965).
Shankar S, Rhim JW, Food Hydrocolloids, 82, 116 (2018)
Khairan K, Zahraturriaz, Jalil Z, Rasayan J. Chem., 12, 50 (2019)
Shin HJ, Jeon SS, Im SS, Synth. Met., 161, 1284 (2011)
Holzwarth U, Gibson N, Nat. Nanotechnol., 6(9), 534 (2011)
Tripathi RM, Rao RP, Tsuzuki T, RSC Adv., 8, 36345 (2018)
Chaudhuri RG, Paria S, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 354(2), 563 (2011)
Suryavanshi P, Pandit R, Gade A, Derita M, Zachino S, Rai M, Lwt-Food Sci. Technol., 81, 188 (2017)
Richardson NV, Weinberger P, J. Electron. Spectros. Relat. Phenomena, 6, 109 (1975)
Farooqi Z, Akram MW, Begum R, Wu W, Irfan A, J. Hazard. Mater., 402, 123535 (2021)
Tripathi RM, Chung SJ, Sci. Rep., 10, 640 (2020)
Wu J, Liu BB, Ren ZX, Ni MY, Li C, Gong YY, Qin W, Huang YL, Sun CQ, Liu XJ, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 517, 80 (2018)
Islam JB, Furukawa M, Tateishi I, Katsumata H, Kaneco S, Chem. Eng., 3, 33 (2019)
Navarro E, Baun A, Behra R, Hartmann NB, Filser J, Miao AJ, Quigg A, Santschi PH, Sigg L, Ecotoxicology, 17, 372 (2008)
Wang F, Guan W, Xu L, Ding Z, Ma H, Ma A, Terry N, Appl. Sci., 9, 1534 (2019)
Perreault F, Oukarroum A, Melegari SP, Matias WG, Popovic R, Chemosphere, 87, 1388 (2012)
Chen X, Zhang C, Tan L, Wang J, Environ. Pollut., 236, 454 (2018)
Salem N, Albanna L, Awwad A, Ibrahim Q, Abdeen A, J. Agric. Sci., 8, 188 (2016)
Iswarya V, Bhuvaneshwari M, Alex SA, et al., Aquat. Toxicol., 161, 154 (2015)
Wei C, Zhang Y, Jing G, Bing H, Xu Y, Yuan J, J. Environ. Sci., 22, 155 (2010)
Sadiq IM, Pakrashi S, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A, J. Nanoparticle Res., 13, 3287 (2011)
Zheng S, Zhou Q, Chen C, Yang F, Cai Z, Li D, Geng Q, Feng Y, Wang HQ, Sci. Total Environ., 660, 1182 (2019)
Barreto DM, Lombardi AT, Water Air Soil Pollut., 227, 450 (2016)
Miri A, Darroudi M, Sarani M, Appl. Organomet. Chem., 34, e5308 (2020)
Srikant V, Clarke DR, J. Appl. Phys., 83, 5447 (1998)
Valencia S, Marin JM, Restrepo G, Open Mater. Sci. J., 4, 9 (2009)
Younis A, Loucif A, Ceram. Int., 47, 15500 (2021)
