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Received March 10, 2021
Accepted July 1, 2021
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Fabrication and characterization of robust zirconia-kaolin hollow fiber membrane: Alkaline dissolution study in ammonia solution
Mohammad Arif Budiman Pauzan
Siti Khadijah Hubadillah1
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman†
Nurul Jannah Ismail
Mohd Hafiz Puteh2
Huda Abdullah3
Suriani Abu Bakar4
Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir5
Wong Keng Yinn6
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 1School of Technology Management and Logistics, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia 2School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 3Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia, Korea 4Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia 5Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital 47000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia 6School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, December 2021, 38(12), 2446-2460(15), 10.1007/s11814-021-0888-z
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Abstract
Kaolin has been found to be a more economical alternative in ceramic hollow membrane fabrication compared to alumina, silica, and zirconia despite having similar properties. However, it was discovered that apart from having high mechanical strength and the ability to withstand high operational temperature, the kaolin membrane has the tendency to dissolve in a high alkaline solution. Hence, in this study, zirconia (ZrO2) was imposed to kaolin suspension as co-starting material due to its stable hexagonal properties with kaolin to overcome this drawback. To study the dissolution property of the modified kaolin-based membrane, a phase inversion technique was used to fabricate zirconia-kaolin hollow fiber membrane (ZKHFM) followed by immersion in ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) as an alkaline solution. Ammonia was aptly chosen for it being considered as one of the pollutants to be removed from wastewater. The mechanism, morphology and properties of the membrane were investigated in terms of sintering temperature, morphology, mechanical strength, pore size and porosity The results showed that ZKHFM with 10 wt% (ZK-10) with sintering temperature of 1,200 °C had the best performance in terms of having high mechanical strength (21MPa), excellent permeation flux (~1,600 Lm2/h) and lowest dissolution (0.01 g dissolute) at pH 13, indicating the ability of ZKHFM to be used in alkaline solution.
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Park DH, Saputra H, Nishiyama N, Egashira Y, Ueyama K, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 146, 327 (2003)
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Han LF, Xu ZL, Cao Y, Wei YM, Xu HT, J. Membr. Sci., 372(1-2), 154 (2011)
Mavrevski R, Traykov M, Trenchev I, Trencheva M, WSEAS Trans. Syst. Control., 13, 242 (2018)
