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Received May 7, 2021
Accepted June 27, 2021
- This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Tailoring hydrophobicity of polyethersulfone membrane support for levulinic acid extraction using supported liquid membrane process
Vikneswary Rajendaren
Syed Mohd Saufi†
Mior Ahmad Khushairi Mohd Zahari1
Norasikin Othman2
Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman2
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia 1Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia, Korea 2School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, December 2021, 38(12), 2519-2529(11), 10.1007/s11814-021-0884-3
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Abstract
This study investigated the effect of various hydrophobic fillers on polyethersulfone (PES) membrane support properties. Graphene, kaolin, ZIF-8, and fluoroalkylsilane were loaded from 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% in membrane casting solution. The structure and properties of the membrane changed accordingly based on the type of filler used. The finger-like pores in the PES membrane were extended, providing additional space for the liquid membrane impregnation. The contact angle value in the mixed matrix membranes was increased compared to the pristine PES membrane. The highest contact angle was shown by the additional of 0.5 ZIF-8 wt% in PES membrane with top and bottom contact angle value of 92.5° and 103.9°, respectively. PES membrane with 0.1wt% graphenes showed the highest porosity of 87.1%. PES membrane loaded with 0.1wt% ZIF-8 showed the most elevated tensile stress among the membrane support fabricated with a value of 1,036 kPa. The best extraction of levulinic acid (LA) from 10 g/L LA feed solution was achieved using 0.1 wt% graphene-PES membrane support with 89.2% extraction percentage.
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Li X, Liu Y, Wang J, Gascon J, Li J, Van der Bruggen B, Chem. Soc. Rev., 46, 7124 (2017)
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Gong X, Wang Y, Kuang T, ASC Sustain. Chem. Eng., 5, 11204 (2017)
Yeo ZY, Tan PY, Chai S, Zhu PW, Mohamed AR, RSC Adv., 4, 52461 (2014)
Abdallah H, El-gendi A, Khedr M, El-zanati E, Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 9, 84 (2015)
Sun X, Li G, Zhang Y, Li Y, Li H, Adv. Mater. Res, 79-82, 839 (2009)
Tur E, Onal-ulusoy B, Akdogan E, Mutlu M, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 123, 3402 (2011)
Nordin NAHM, Ismail AF, Mustafa A, Murali RS, Matsuura T, RSC Adv., 4, 52530 (2014)
Manawi Y, Kochkodan V, Mahmoudi E, Johnson DJ, Mohammad AW, Atieh MA, Sci. Rep., 7, 1 (2017)
Baylan N, Cehreli S, J. Mol. Liq., 266, 299 (2018)
Shahmirzadia MAA, Hosseinia SS, Ruan G, Tan NR, R. Soc. Chem., 5, 49080 (2015)
Wu XN, Zhao B, Wang L, Zhang ZH, Zhang HW, Zhao XH, Guo XF, J. Membr. Sci., 520, 120 (2016)
Khan AA, Siyal MI, Lee CK, Park C, Kim JO, Sep. Purif. Technol., 210, 20 (2019)
Jamil N, Othman NH, Alias NH, Shahruddin MZ, Azwa RA, Lau WJ, Ismail AF, J. Solid State Chem., 8, 3 (2018)
Rao CNR, Venkataraghavan R, Kasturi TR, Chemistry, 42, 36 (1964)
Bao SP, et al., Physical properties and applications of polymer nanocomposites, Woodhead Publishing Limited, United Kingdom (2010).
Coates J, in Encyclopedia of analytical chemistry, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester (2000).
Liu T, Zhou H, Graham N, Yu W, Sun K, Water Res., 156, 425 (2019)
Patel AA, Studies on novel heterocyclic compounds and their microbicidal efficacy, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (2010).
Ferreira AC, Diniz MF, Mattos EdC, Polimeros, 28, 6 (2018)
Heale FL, Einhorn M, Page K, Parkin IP, Carmalt CJ, R. Soc. Chem. Adv., 9, 20332 (2019)
Molinari R, Argurio P, Membrane science and technology, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken (2013).
Ahmad NA, Leo CP, Ahmad AL, Ramli WKW, Sep. Purif. Rev., 44, 109 (2015)
Rahimpour A, Madaeni SS, Mansourpanah Y, Desalination, 258(1-3), 79 (2010)
Thakur S, Malviya PKSR, Chemistry, 1, 008 (2017)
Ramesh G, Prabhu KN, Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci., 47, 859 (2016)
Harruddin N, Saufi SM, Faizal CKM, Mohammad AW, RSC Adv., 8, 25396 (2018)