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Received October 24, 2020
Accepted April 11, 2021
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Numerical desirability function for adsorption of methylene blue dye by sulfonated pomegranate peel biochar: Modeling, kinetic, isotherm, thermodynamic, and mechanism study
Ali H. Jawad†
Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed1
M. A. K. M. Hanafiah2
Zeid A. ALOthman3
Mohammad Rizwan Khan3
S. N. Surip
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 1Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering, Al-Mansour University College, Baghdad, Iraq 2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 26400 Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia 3Advanced Materials Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2021, 38(7), 1499-1509(11), 10.1007/s11814-021-0801-9
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Abstract
Sulfonated pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel biochar (SPPBC) was developed via thermal activation with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to act as a promising biochar material for the adsorptive removal of toxic cationic dye namely methylene blue (MB) dye from contaminated water. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) and numerical desirability function were adopted to optimize the input adsorption variables (SPPBC dosage, temperature, pH, and contact time). The maximum removal of the MB dye can be accomplished by simultaneous significant interaction between SPPBC dosage with solution pH, SPPBC dosage with time, SPPBC dosage with temperature, solution pH with time, and time with temperature. The numerical desirability function identified the highest MB dye removal (93.9%) can be achieved at the following optimum numerical adsorption conditions: SPPBC dosage 0.18 g, temperature 49 °C, pH 9.7, and time 4.3 h. Equilibrium data were well fitted to the Temkin and Langmuir isotherm models. The maximum recorded adsorption capacity of SPPBC for MB dye adsorption by using Langmuir isotherm model was 161.9mg/g. This research work reveals the possibility of converting lignocellulose pomegranate peel into a renewable and environmentfriendly biochar via a relatively fast acid-activation process with the great potential to be promising adsorbent for removal of MB dye.
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Gupta VK, Agarwal S, Asif M, Fakhri A, Sadeghi N, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 497, 193 (2017)
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Ji B, Wang J, Song H, Chen W, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 7, 103036 (2019)
Babaei AA, Alavi SN, Akbarifar M, Ahmadi K, Esfahani AR, Kakavandi B, Desalin. Water Treat., 57, 27199 (2016)
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Ghibate R, Senhaji O, Taouil R, Case Stud. Chem. Environ. Eng., 3, 100078 (2021)
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Jia Z, Li Z, Li S, Li Y, Zhu R, J. Mol. Liq., 220, 56 (2016)
Zhang ZY, Xu XC, Chem. Eng. J., 256, 85 (2014)
