Nano/micro silicon particles were achieved by high energy ball milling of silicon mesh powder as a cheap and scalable process and used to make porous silicon by acid etching. Subsequent dispersing of porous silicon with nitrogendoped carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide followed by filtration and heat treatment gives the composite of unified structures of NCNT@rGO protected porous silicon. The obtained composite was studied as an anode material for Li-ion batteries, and it delivered a high reversible capacity of 862/861mAh g-1 at 200 mA g-1 with 91% of capacity retention. Along with superior rate capability, the prepared composite exhibited 578 and 451mAh g-1 discharge capacity at 1,000 and 2,000mA g-1 after a long 300 cycles. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the composite electrode can be accredited to the highly conductive and tough matrix of NCNT@rGO blend structures, and porosity in silicon effectively controls the silicon expansion and accommodates the required buffer volume during lithiation/de-lithiation.

Porous Silicon Silicon/Carbon Composite NCNT@rGO Structures Composite Anodes Li-ion Batteries

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