Articles & Issues
- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
-
Received July 7, 2021
Accepted December 25, 2021
-
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © KIChE. All rights reserved.
All issues
High throughput comparative assessment of biofilm formation of Candida glabrata on polystyrene material
Bindu Sadanandan†
Priya Ashrit
Lokesh Kyathsandra Nataraj
Kalidas Shetty1
Amruta Puroshottam Jogalekar
Vijayalakshmi Vaniyamparambath
Beena Hemanth2
Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India 1Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND58105, USA 2Department of Microbiology, M S Ramaiah Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bengaluru, India
bindu@msrit.edu, bindu.sadanandan@gmail.com
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, May 2022, 39(5), 1277-1286(10), 10.1007/s11814-021-1054-3
Download PDF
Abstract
Candida glabrata is the second most reported Candida species causing candidiasis next only to Candida albicans. Biofilm formation by C. glabrata accelerates pathogenicity, so understanding conditions for biofilm formation in relevant polystyrene polymers is essential. Determining optimum conditions for biofilm formation using one variable at a time (OVAT) is laborious and inaccurate. Therefore, mathematical modelling for design of experiments to optimize conditions for biofilm formation in Candida species was undertaken. In this study, a simple and robust statistical method, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize independent variables like temperature, incubation period, media pH, shaker speed and inoculum density. Biofilm forming conditions were optimized and compared for two important local clinical isolates and one standard culture on 96 well polystyrene microtiter plates. Biofilm was quantified by different methods, like XTT for cell viability, crystal violet for biofilm, calcofluor white, and wet and dry weight measurements for cell mass. Quantification of cell viability and biofilm indicated heterogeneity among the three cultures. The results revealed an important finding that foetal bovine serum (FBS) does not significantly affect biofilm formation in vitro. This simple high throughput method for optimization and quantification of Candida biofilm has relevance for applications in rapid screening of anti-Candida biologics and therapeutic solutions while advancing control measures in polystyrene carriers in hospital settings.
Keywords
References
Pierce CG, Uppuluri P, Tummala S, Lopez-Ribot JL, J. Vis. Ex., 44, e2287 (2010)
Li Q, Liu J, Shao J, Da W, Shi G, Wang T, Wu D, Wang C, Front. Microbiol., 10, 1600 (2019)
Silva-Dias A, Miranda IM, Branco J, Monteiro-Soares M, Pina-Vaz C, Rodrigues AG, Front. Microbiol., 6, 205 (2015)
Nett JE, Zarnowski R, Cabezas-Olcoz J, Brooks EG, Berhardt J, Marchillo K, Mosher DF, Andes DR, Infect. Immun., 83, 4630 (2015)
Corte L, Pierantoni DC, Tascini C, Roscini L, Cardinali G, Microorg., 7, 73 (2019)
Baillie GS, Douglas LJ, Methods Enzymol., 310, 644 (1999)
Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Clin. Microbiol. Rev, 20, 133 (2007)
Donlan MR, Emerg. Infect. Dis., 8, 881 (2002)
Li P, Seneviratne CJ, Alpi E, Vizcaino JA, Jin L, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 59, 6101 (2015)
De la Cruz-Claure ML, Cespedes-Llave AA, Ulloa MT, Benito-Lama M, Dominguez-Alvarez E, Bastida A, Microorganisms, 7, 664 (2019)
Haque F, Alfatah M, Ganesan K, Bhattacharyya MS, Sci. Rep., 6, 23575 (2016)
Fux CA, Costerton JW, Stewart PS, Stoodley P, Trends Microbiol., 13, 34 (2005)
Harding JL, Reynolds MM, Trends Biotechnol., 32, 140 (2014)
Vila TVM, Rozental S, In: Fungal Pathogenicity, Sultan S Ed. (2016).
Rossoni RD, Barbosa JO, Vilela SF, dos Santos JD, de Barros PP, de Azevedo Prata MC, Anbinder AL, Fuchs BB, Jorge AO, Mylonakis E, Junqueira JC, PloS One, 10, 1 (2015)
Rodrigues CF, Henriques M, Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis., 4, 10 (2017)
Kumar K, Askari F, Sahu MS, Kaur R, Microorganisms, 7, 39 (2019)
Galocha M, Pais P, Cavalheiro M, Pereira D, Viana R, Teixeira MC, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20, 2345 (2019)
Rodrigues CF, Silva S, Henriques M, Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 33, 673 (2013)
Rodrigues CF, Rodrigues ME, Silva S, Henriques M, J. Fungi., 3, 11 (2017)
d'Enfert C, Janbon G, FEMS Yeast Res., 16, 1 (2016)
Schmidt P, Walker J, Selway L, Stead D, Yin Z, Enjalbert B, Weig M, Brown AJ, Proteomics, 8, 534 (2008)
Kucharíkova S, Tournu H, Lagrou K, Van Dijck P, Bujdakova H, J. Med. Microbiol., 60, 1261 (2011)
Chandra J, Mukherjee PK, Keidich SD, Faddoul FF, Hoyer LL, Douglas LJ, Ghannoum MA, J. Dent. Res., 80, 903 (2001)
Kipanga PN, Luyten W, J. Microbiol. Methods, 139, 8 (2017)
Konecna K, Nemeckova I, Diepoltova A, Vejsova M, Jandourek O, Curr. Microbiol., 78, 2104 (2021)
Montgomery DC, Design and analysis of experiments, John Wiley & Sons Publications, Arizona (2017).
Yu J, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Li X, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 88, 1151 (2017)
Leck A, Community Eye Health, 12, 24 (1999)
Sheppard DC, Locas MC, Restieri C, Laverdiere M, J. Clin. Microbiol., 46, 3508 (2008)
Pfaller MA, Houston A, Coffmann S, J. Clin. Microbiol., 34, 58 (1996)
Ebrahimpour A, Abd Rahman RNZR, Ch'ng DHE, Basri M, Salleh AB, BMC Biotechnol., 8, 96 (2008)
Nett J, Lincoln L, Marchillo K, Massey R, Holoyda K, Hoff B, VanHandel M, Andes D, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 5, 510 (2007)
Li X, Yan Z, Xu J, Microbiology, 149, 353 (2003)
Stagoj MN, Komel R, Comino A, Bioresour. Technol., 36, 380 (2004)
Kuhn DM, Chandra J, Mukherjee PK, Ghannoum MA, Infect. Immun., 70, 878 (2002)
Gupta P, Rastogi A, Joshi S, Bhardwaj A, Misra K, Kumar N, Indian J. Pharma. Sci., 80, 949 (2018)
Rodrigues CF, Correia A, Vilanova M, Henriques M, J. Clin. Med., 8, 142 (2019)
Alves R, Kastora SL, Gomes-Gonçalves A, Azevedo N, Rodrigues CF, Silva S, Demuyser L, Van Dijck P, Casal M, Brown AJ, Henriques M, npj Biofilms Microbiomes, 6, 1 (2020)
Rodrigues C, Henriques M, Genes, 9, 205 (2018)
Olson ML, Jayaraman A, Kao KC, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 84, e02769-1 (2018)
Nickerson KW, Audrey LA, Hornby JM, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 72, 3805 (2006)
Kaur B, Kumar B, Garg N, Kaur N, BioMed. Res. Int., 2015, Article ID 536745 (2015).
Almeida DG, da Silva RCFS, Luna JM, Rufino RD, Santos VA, Sarubbo LA, Front. Microbiol., 8, 157 (2017)
Myers RH, Montgomery DC, Vining GGG, Borror CM, Kowalski SM, J. Qual. Technol., 36, 53 (2004)
Leonhard M, Zatorska B, Moser D, Schneider-Stickler B, Biomed Res. Int., 2019, Article ID 8051270 (2019).
Maresova L, Sychrova H, BioTechn., 43, 667 (2007)
Riss TL, Moravec RA, Niles AL, Duellman S, Benink HA, Worzella TJ, Minor L, Cell viability assays guidance manual [Internet]. Eli Lilly & Company and the National Centre for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda (MD) (2016).
Ramage G, Walle KV, Wickes BL, Lopez-Ribot JL, J. Clin. Microbiol., 39, 3234 (2001)
Jin Y, Yip HK, Samaranayake YH, Yau JY, Samaranayake LP, J. Clin. Microbiol., 4, 2961 (2003)
Xavier BJ, Foster RK, PNAS, 104, 876 (2007)
Nett JE, Cain MT, Crawford K, Andes DR, J. Clin. Microbiol., 49, 1426 (2011)
Cavalieri D, Di Paola M, Rizzetto L, Tocci N, De Filippo C, Lionetti P, Ardizzoni A, Colombar B, Paulone S, Gut IG, Berna L, Gut M, Blanc J, Kapushesky M, Pericolini E, Blasi E, Peppoloni S, Front. Immunol., 8, 1997 (2018)
Brown JL, Delaney C, Short B, Butcher MC, Mckloud E, Williams C, Kean R, Ramage G, mSphere, 5, e00371-2 (2020)
Kean R, Delaney C, Rajendran R, Sherry L, Metcalfe R, Thomas R, McLean W, Williams C, Ramage G, J. Fungi, 4, 12 (2018)
Li Q, Liu J, Shao J, Da W, Shi G, Wang T, Wu D, Wang C, Front. Microbiol., 10, 1600 (2019)
Silva-Dias A, Miranda IM, Branco J, Monteiro-Soares M, Pina-Vaz C, Rodrigues AG, Front. Microbiol., 6, 205 (2015)
Nett JE, Zarnowski R, Cabezas-Olcoz J, Brooks EG, Berhardt J, Marchillo K, Mosher DF, Andes DR, Infect. Immun., 83, 4630 (2015)
Corte L, Pierantoni DC, Tascini C, Roscini L, Cardinali G, Microorg., 7, 73 (2019)
Baillie GS, Douglas LJ, Methods Enzymol., 310, 644 (1999)
Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Clin. Microbiol. Rev, 20, 133 (2007)
Donlan MR, Emerg. Infect. Dis., 8, 881 (2002)
Li P, Seneviratne CJ, Alpi E, Vizcaino JA, Jin L, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 59, 6101 (2015)
De la Cruz-Claure ML, Cespedes-Llave AA, Ulloa MT, Benito-Lama M, Dominguez-Alvarez E, Bastida A, Microorganisms, 7, 664 (2019)
Haque F, Alfatah M, Ganesan K, Bhattacharyya MS, Sci. Rep., 6, 23575 (2016)
Fux CA, Costerton JW, Stewart PS, Stoodley P, Trends Microbiol., 13, 34 (2005)
Harding JL, Reynolds MM, Trends Biotechnol., 32, 140 (2014)
Vila TVM, Rozental S, In: Fungal Pathogenicity, Sultan S Ed. (2016).
Rossoni RD, Barbosa JO, Vilela SF, dos Santos JD, de Barros PP, de Azevedo Prata MC, Anbinder AL, Fuchs BB, Jorge AO, Mylonakis E, Junqueira JC, PloS One, 10, 1 (2015)
Rodrigues CF, Henriques M, Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis., 4, 10 (2017)
Kumar K, Askari F, Sahu MS, Kaur R, Microorganisms, 7, 39 (2019)
Galocha M, Pais P, Cavalheiro M, Pereira D, Viana R, Teixeira MC, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20, 2345 (2019)
Rodrigues CF, Silva S, Henriques M, Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 33, 673 (2013)
Rodrigues CF, Rodrigues ME, Silva S, Henriques M, J. Fungi., 3, 11 (2017)
d'Enfert C, Janbon G, FEMS Yeast Res., 16, 1 (2016)
Schmidt P, Walker J, Selway L, Stead D, Yin Z, Enjalbert B, Weig M, Brown AJ, Proteomics, 8, 534 (2008)
Kucharíkova S, Tournu H, Lagrou K, Van Dijck P, Bujdakova H, J. Med. Microbiol., 60, 1261 (2011)
Chandra J, Mukherjee PK, Keidich SD, Faddoul FF, Hoyer LL, Douglas LJ, Ghannoum MA, J. Dent. Res., 80, 903 (2001)
Kipanga PN, Luyten W, J. Microbiol. Methods, 139, 8 (2017)
Konecna K, Nemeckova I, Diepoltova A, Vejsova M, Jandourek O, Curr. Microbiol., 78, 2104 (2021)
Montgomery DC, Design and analysis of experiments, John Wiley & Sons Publications, Arizona (2017).
Yu J, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Li X, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 88, 1151 (2017)
Leck A, Community Eye Health, 12, 24 (1999)
Sheppard DC, Locas MC, Restieri C, Laverdiere M, J. Clin. Microbiol., 46, 3508 (2008)
Pfaller MA, Houston A, Coffmann S, J. Clin. Microbiol., 34, 58 (1996)
Ebrahimpour A, Abd Rahman RNZR, Ch'ng DHE, Basri M, Salleh AB, BMC Biotechnol., 8, 96 (2008)
Nett J, Lincoln L, Marchillo K, Massey R, Holoyda K, Hoff B, VanHandel M, Andes D, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 5, 510 (2007)
Li X, Yan Z, Xu J, Microbiology, 149, 353 (2003)
Stagoj MN, Komel R, Comino A, Bioresour. Technol., 36, 380 (2004)
Kuhn DM, Chandra J, Mukherjee PK, Ghannoum MA, Infect. Immun., 70, 878 (2002)
Gupta P, Rastogi A, Joshi S, Bhardwaj A, Misra K, Kumar N, Indian J. Pharma. Sci., 80, 949 (2018)
Rodrigues CF, Correia A, Vilanova M, Henriques M, J. Clin. Med., 8, 142 (2019)
Alves R, Kastora SL, Gomes-Gonçalves A, Azevedo N, Rodrigues CF, Silva S, Demuyser L, Van Dijck P, Casal M, Brown AJ, Henriques M, npj Biofilms Microbiomes, 6, 1 (2020)
Rodrigues C, Henriques M, Genes, 9, 205 (2018)
Olson ML, Jayaraman A, Kao KC, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 84, e02769-1 (2018)
Nickerson KW, Audrey LA, Hornby JM, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 72, 3805 (2006)
Kaur B, Kumar B, Garg N, Kaur N, BioMed. Res. Int., 2015, Article ID 536745 (2015).
Almeida DG, da Silva RCFS, Luna JM, Rufino RD, Santos VA, Sarubbo LA, Front. Microbiol., 8, 157 (2017)
Myers RH, Montgomery DC, Vining GGG, Borror CM, Kowalski SM, J. Qual. Technol., 36, 53 (2004)
Leonhard M, Zatorska B, Moser D, Schneider-Stickler B, Biomed Res. Int., 2019, Article ID 8051270 (2019).
Maresova L, Sychrova H, BioTechn., 43, 667 (2007)
Riss TL, Moravec RA, Niles AL, Duellman S, Benink HA, Worzella TJ, Minor L, Cell viability assays guidance manual [Internet]. Eli Lilly & Company and the National Centre for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda (MD) (2016).
Ramage G, Walle KV, Wickes BL, Lopez-Ribot JL, J. Clin. Microbiol., 39, 3234 (2001)
Jin Y, Yip HK, Samaranayake YH, Yau JY, Samaranayake LP, J. Clin. Microbiol., 4, 2961 (2003)
Xavier BJ, Foster RK, PNAS, 104, 876 (2007)
Nett JE, Cain MT, Crawford K, Andes DR, J. Clin. Microbiol., 49, 1426 (2011)
Cavalieri D, Di Paola M, Rizzetto L, Tocci N, De Filippo C, Lionetti P, Ardizzoni A, Colombar B, Paulone S, Gut IG, Berna L, Gut M, Blanc J, Kapushesky M, Pericolini E, Blasi E, Peppoloni S, Front. Immunol., 8, 1997 (2018)
Brown JL, Delaney C, Short B, Butcher MC, Mckloud E, Williams C, Kean R, Ramage G, mSphere, 5, e00371-2 (2020)
Kean R, Delaney C, Rajendran R, Sherry L, Metcalfe R, Thomas R, McLean W, Williams C, Ramage G, J. Fungi, 4, 12 (2018)
