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Received February 11, 2021
Accepted October 21, 2021
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
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Application of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for the extraction of aromatic compounds from contaminated water
Abdullahi Yakubu1 2
Zaharaddeen Sani Gano3†
Omar Umar Ahmed3
Suleiman Mohammed Shuwa1 4
Abdulazeez Yusuf Atta1 4
Baba Yakubu Jibril1 4
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria 2Dangote Fertilizer Limited, Lagos, Nigeria 3National Research Institute for Chemical Technology, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria 4, Nigeria
zaharaddeenn@gmail.com
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, May 2022, 39(5), 1299-1306(8), 10.1007/s11814-021-0994-y
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Abstract
Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES) was synthesized from TBAB and decanoic acid and used to study the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbon from contaminated water samples. DES was screened by selecting different ratios between the TBAB and decanoic acid. A ratio of 1 : 2 was observed to be the best among others and was used for the desired application. Within the temperature range of 25-70 ℃, physicochemical properties such as density (944-915 kg/m3), viscosity (1,636-179 mPa·s), conductivity (141-1,007 μS/cm), and pH (3.14-2.73) of the synthesized DES were determined. For the extraction study, benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX)-doped water were used as a simulated contaminated water. Response surface methodology was employed in modeling and optimizing the effects of temperature, time, and solvent mass fraction on the extraction efficiency of the DES. Extraction efficiency of 68.1%, 70.84% and 77.73% for BTX, respectively, was recorded at optimum values of 25 ℃, 60 min and 0.6 (solvent mass fraction). Extraction efficiency as high as 86.61%, 88.94%, and 92.71% for BTX, respectively, can be obtained within the design space. Effective regeneration and reuse of the DES after each extraction was carried out for five consecutive cycles; their results showed no significant decrease in their respective extraction efficiencies and recovery of the DES. This, therefore, improves the overall performance of hydrophobic DES for the extraction process.
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