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Conflict of Interest: In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Publication history: Received November 5, 2021
Accepted February 1, 2022

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Recycling of Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2 via a chlorination technique

Min Ku Jeon^{1 2†} Sung-Wook Kim^{1 3} Hee-Chul Eun^{1 2} Keunyoung Lee^{1 3} Hyungsub Kim⁴ Maengkyo Oh^{1 5}

¹Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Korea ²Department of Quantum Energy Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology, 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea ³, Korea ⁴Neutron Science Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Korea ⁵Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea

minku@kaeri.re.kr

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, June 2022, 39(6), 1472-1477(6), 10.1007/s11814-022-1083-6

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Abstract

A new approach to recycle Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2 (NCM, Ni :Co :Mn=1 : 1 : 1) is introduced and experimentally demonstrated. Chlorine gas was employed as a reaction agent to selectively extract Li from NCM. Through a reaction at 550??C for 4 h under a 180 mL/min Ar+20mL/min Cl2 flow, Li was converted into water-soluble LiCl, while the initial transition metals (Ni, Co, and Mn) were converted into a spinel-type oxide phase. Minor amount of transition metals, which reacted with Cl2 to produce transition-metal chlorides, were recovered in the subsequent precipitation step. An amount of 94.9 wt% of transition-metal recovery ratio was achieved through the recovery processes. The amount of Li recovered as Li2CO3 was 35.8 wt% of the initial amount. A new NCM was successfully re-synthesized using the recovered materials as well as additional Li2CO3, resulting in a layered NCM structure. The re-synthesized NCM was electrochemically evaluated by fabricating a CR2032 coin cell which exhibited a capacity of 105mAh/g.

Keywords

Li-ion Battery Recycle Cathode Material Chlorination Transition-metal Recovery

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