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Received December 16, 2021
Accepted March 9, 2022
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Evaluation of folic acid-conjugated chitosan grafted Fe3O4/graphene oxide as a pH- and magnetic field-responsive system for adsorption and controlled release of gemcitabine
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Varamin - Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
msmiralinaghi@gmail.com, m_miralinaghi@iauvaramin.ac.ir
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2022, 39(7), 1880-1890(11), 10.1007/s11814-022-1104-5
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Abstract
A pH-responsive system was prepared by using a magnetic nanocomposite, folic acid-conjugated chitosan (FA-CS) grafted Fe3O4/GO, and then used for loading and controlled release of an anti-cancer drug, gemcitabine (GEM). The successful synthesis of FA-CS/Fe3O4/GO was confirmed by various characterization techniques such as FE-SEM/ EDX, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, VSM, and BET. The nanocomposite had a mesoporous structure with the specific surface area of 68.96m2 g-1, the pore volume of 0.25 cm3 g-1, and the mean pore size of 14.78 nm. The optimum conditions for drug loading through adsorption were found to be pH=4, adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g L-1, temperature of 298 K, and contact time of 45 min. Experimental data indicated that GEM adsorption onto FA-CS/Fe3O4/GO has a satisfactory correlation with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm equations. The maximum adsorption capacity of GEM was 221.17mg g-1 for FA-CS/Fe3O4/GO, which was quite higher than the non-functionalized Fe3O4/GO with the value of 33.99mg g-1. Furthermore, the in-vitro drug release profile of GEM from drug-loaded FACS/ Fe3O4/GO was studied within 48 hours at 37 ℃, and the results indicated a higher drug cumulative release amount in simulated cancer fluid (pH 5.6) compared to simulated human blood fluid (pH 7.4). Also, the Peppas-Sahlin kinetic model best fitted the release kinetics data. The result of drug release implied that FA-CS/Fe3O4/GO magnetic biocomposite could be a potential carrier for the sustained and controlled release of GEM.
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Vinothini K, Rajendran NK, Ramu A, Elumalai N, Rajan M, Biomed. Pharmacother., 110, 906 (2019)
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Krishnamoorthy K, Kim GS, Kim SJ, Ultrason. Sonochem., 20, 644 (2013)
Rokni SE, Shirazi RHSM, Miralinaghi M, Moniri E, Res. Chem. Intermed., 46, 2247 (2020)
Shafaati M, Miralinaghi M, Shirazi RHSM, Moniri E, Res. Chem. Intermed., 46, 5231 (2020)
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Freundlich HMF, Z. Phys. Chem., 57, 385 (1906)
Temkin MI, Pyzhev V, Acta Phys. Chim. USSR, 12, 327 (1940)
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Korsmeyer RW, Gurny R, Doelker E, Buri P, Peppas NA, Int. J. Pharm., 15, 25 (1983)
Peppas NA, Sahlin JJ, Int. J. Pharm., 57, 169 (1989)
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Jamshidi P, Shemirani F, Res. Chem. Intermed., 46, 4403 (2020)
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Hou L, Yang C, Rao X, Hu L, Bao Y, Gao Y, Zhu X, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 625, 126949 (2021)
Sanlıer SH, Yasa M, Cihnioglu AO, Abdulhayoglu M, Yılmaz H, Ak G, Artif. Cells, Nanomedicine, Biotechnol., 44, 943 (2016)
Zhang J, Azam MS, Shi C, Huang J, Yan B, Liu Q, Zeng H, RSC Adv., 5, 32272 (2015)
Barazandeh A, Jamali HA, Karyab H, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 38, 2436 (2021)
Karimidost S, Moniri E, Miralinaghi M, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 36, 1115 (2019)
Marhalim MAA, Mohtar SS, Mohammed AM, Aziz F, Sokri MNM, Salleh WNW, Yusof N, Jaafar J, Ismail AF, Aziz M, Naim R, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 38, 1648 (2021)
Sun L, Hu S, Sun H, Guo H, Zhu H, Liu M, Sun H, RSC Adv., 5, 11837 (2015)
Janusz W, Sydorchuk V, Skwarek E, Khalameida S, Skubiszewska-Zięba J, Leboda R, Appl. Nanosci., 1, 1 (2021)
Lim C, Cho EB, Kim D, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 36, 166 (2019)
Kaboli SF, Mehrnejad F, Nematollahzadeh A, J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol., 64, 102588 (2021)
