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Received February 16, 2022
Accepted May 6, 2022
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Chlorination behavior of Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2
1Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Korea 2Department of Quantum Energy Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology, 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea 3, Korea 4Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
minku@kaeri.re.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, September 2022, 39(9), 2345-2352(8), 10.1007/s11814-022-1166-4
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Abstract
The chlorination behavior of Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 (NCM) was investigated as a function of the reaction temperature (400-600℃) and time (1-8 h) for application in a chlorination-based recycling process. Structural analysis results revealed that chlorination leads to a sequential transition from a hexagonal LiMO2 structure to a hexagonal Li1-x'MO2-y' (observed only at 400℃), a hexagonal Li1-xMO2-y (x≥x', y≥y', at 400-600℃), and a spinel-type M3O4 phase (≥500℃, M represents Ni,Co,Mn). It was also found that this structural transition is accelerated by an increase in the reaction temperature, except at 600℃, where the thermal decomposition of the Li1-xMO2-y phase inhibited the formation of the M3O4 phase. Weight changes of the samples suggested that the chlorination of the transition metals begins at 500℃ and that its rate increases with an increase in the reaction temperature. It was revealed by a composition analysis that an increase in the reaction temperature (except at 600℃) and longer times result in a higher Li removal ratio. A temperature of 550℃ was proposed as the optimum temperature for the chlorination of NCM in consideration of the findings from this work.
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