Articles & Issues
- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
-
Received January 4, 2022
Accepted March 17, 2022
-
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright © KIChE. All rights reserved.
All issues
Box-Behnken design-based biodiesel wastewater treatment using sequential acid cracking and electrochemical peroxidation process: Focus on COD, oil-grease and volatile fatty acids removals
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey 1Research Center for Environmental Contaminants (RCEC), Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, September 2022, 39(9), 2555-2570(16), 10.1007/s11814-022-1118-z
Download PDF
Abstract
The treatability of biodiesel wastewater by the electrochemical peroxidation process following acidification pretreatment was investigated. Box-Behnken design, one of the experimental designs of response surface methodology, was applied to optimize the process parameters for chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil-grease, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) removal from biodiesel wastewater. The process parameters, i.e., applied current, H2O2/COD ratio, and reaction time, were optimized and the total cost of the process was determined. After the acidification process as a pretreatment, the COD, oil-grease, and VFAs removal efficiencies were 25.4%, 68.7%, and 50%, respectively. Optimum conditions determined by the developed model for maximum oil-grease removal (98.2%) were applied: current 1.0 A, H2O2/COD ratio 0.4, and reaction time 32.8 minutes. This devised Box-Behnken model predicted removal efficiencies of 45.5%, 98.2%, and 49.5% for COD, oil-grease, and VFAs, respectively. The total cost of the process determined by the model and obtained from the validation experiments was 2.03 €/m3 and 1.97 €/m3, respectively. The results of the study showed that the applied process was efficient in pollutant removal from acidified biodiesel wastewater and the Box-Behnken design can be applied to explain the mechanism of the process and optimize the process parameters.
References
Biermann U, Bornscheuer U, Meier MAR, Metzger JO, Schäfer HJ, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 50, 3854 (2011)
Bharathiraja B, Yogendran D, Kumar RR, Chakravarthy M, Palani S, Int. J. ChemTech Res., 6, 4417 (2014)
Siddiquee MN, Rohani S, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 15, 1067 (2011)
Daud NM, Abdullah SRS, Hasan HA, Yaakob Z, Process Saf. Environ. Protect., 94, 487 (2015)
Ngamlerdpokin K, Kumjadpai S, Chatanon P, Tungmanee U, Chuenchuanchom S, Jaruwat P, Lertsathitphongs P, Hunsom M, J. Environ. Manage., 92, 2454 (2011)
Atadashi IM, Aroua MK, Aziz ARA, Sulaiman NMN, J. Membr. Sci., 421-422, 154 (2012)
Berrios M, Skelton RL, Chem. Eng. J., 144, 459 (2008)
Atadashi IM, Aroua MK, Aziz AA, Renew. Energy, 36, 437 (2011)
Leung DYC, Wu X, Leung MKH, Appl. Energy, 87, 1083 (2010)
Srirangsan A, Ongwandee M, Chavalparit O, Environ. Asia, 2, 15 (2009)
Jaruwat P, Kongjao S, Hunsom M, Energy Conv. Manag., 51, 531 (2010)
Suehara KI, Kawamoto Y, Fujii E, Kohda J, Nakano Y, Yano T, J. Biosci. Bioeng., 100, 437 (2005)
Veljković VB, Stamenković OS, Tasić MB, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 32, 40 (2014)
Rattanapan C, Sawain A, Suksaroj T, Suksaroj C, Desalination, 280(1-3), 370 (2011)
Sawin A, Taweepreda W, Puetpaiboon U, Suksaroj C, Thai. J. Environ. Eng., 24, 57 (2010)
Kumjadpai S, Ngamlerdpokin K, Chatanon P, Lertsathitphongs P, Hunsom M, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 89, 369 (2011)
Phalakornkulea C, Mangmeemak J, Intrachod K, Nuntakumjorn B, ScienceAsia, 36, 142 (2010)
Ghanbari F, Wang Q, Hassani A, Wacławek S, Rodríguez-Chueca J, Lin KYA, Chemosphere, 279, 30610 (2021)
Özcan A, Doctoral thesis, Anadolu University - Turkey (2010).
Barrera-Díaz C, Ureña-Nuñez F, Campos E, Palomar-Pardave M, Romero-Romo M, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 67, 657 (2003)
Brillas E, Sirés I, Oturan MA, Chem. Rev., 109, 6570 (2009)
Mohajeri S, Aziz HA, Isa MH, Zahed MA, Adlan MN, J. Hazard. Mater., 176, 749 (2010)
Fockedey E, Lierde AV, Water Res., 36, 4169 (2002)
Makadia AJ, Nanavati JI, Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed., 46, 1521 (2013)
Foroughi M, Rahmani AR, Asgari G, Nematollahi D, Yetilmezsoy K, Samarghandi MR, Fresenius Environ. Bull., 27, 1914 (2018)
Ahmadi M, Rahmani K, Rahmani A, Rahmani H, Polish J. Chem. Technol., 19, 104 (2017)
Kaur P, Sangal VK, Kushwaha JP, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 16, 801 (2019)
Mohadesi M, Shokri A, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 16, 7349 (2019)
APHA, Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater, 21th ed., American Public Health Association. American Public Health Association (2005).
Guvenc SY, Okut Y, Ozak M, Haktanir B, Bilgili MS, Water Sci. Technol., 75(4), 833 (2017)
Kobya M, Delipinar S, J. Hazard. Mater., 154, 1133 (2008)
Erabee IK, Ahsan A, Jose B, Arunkumar T, Sathyamurthy R, Idrus S, Daud NN, J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng., 52(8), 735 (2017)
Gengec E, Kobya M, Demirbas E, Akyol A, Oktor K, Water Sci. Technol., 65, 2183 (2012)
Mohajeri L, Aziz HA, Isa MH, Zahed MA, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 893 (2010)
Zhang H, Fei C, Zhang D, Tang F, J. Hazard. Mater., 145, 227 (2007)
Varank G, Guvenc SY, Gurbuz G, Engin GO, Desalin. Water Treat., 57, 25460 (2016)
Guvenc SY, Erkan HS, Varank G, Bilgili MS, Engin GO, Water Sci. Technol., 76, 2015 (2017)
Saini R, Kumar P, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 4(3), 2952 (2016)
Sabour MR, Amiri A, Waste Manage., 65, 54 (2017)
Khodadoust S, Ghaedi M, Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr., 133, 87 (2014)
Karimifard S, Moghaddam MRA, Sci. Total Environ., 640-641, 772 (2018)
Myburgh DP, Aziz M, Roman F, Jardim J, Chakawa S, Environ. Process, 6, 819 (2019)
Amani-Ghadim AR, Aber S, Olad A, Ashassi-Sorkhabi H, Chem. Eng. Process., 64, 68 (2013)
Sahu O, Mazumdar B, Chaudhari PK, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 16, 1527 (2019)
Yetilmezsoy K, Demirel S, Vanderbei RJ, J. Hazard. Mater., 171, 551 (2009)
Nair AT, Makwana AR, Ahammed MM, Water Sci. Technol., 69, 464 (2014)
Khataee AR, Fathinia M, Aber S, Zarei M, J. Hazard. Mater., 181, 886 (2010)
Zinatizadeh AAL, Mohamed AR, Abdullah AZ, Mashitah MD, Isa MH, Najafpour GD, Water Res., 40, 3193 (2006)
Ahmad AL, Wong SS, Teng TT, Zuhairi A, J. Hazard. Mater., 145, 162 (2007)
Oukili K, Mediterr ML, J. Chem., 8, 410 (2019)
Li R, Pan J, Yan M, Yang J, Qin W, Liu Y, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 98, 484 (2020)
Shokoohi R, Torkshavand Z, Zolghadnasab H, Alikhani MY, Hemmat MS, Water Sci. Technol., 2017, 1 (2018)
Binnal P, Babu PN, South African J. Chem. Eng., 23, 26 (2017)
Chavalparit O, Ongwandee M, J. Environ. Sci., 21, 1491 (2009)
Ahmadi S, Sardari E, Javadian HR, Katal R, Sefti MV, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 30, 634 (2013)
Gonçalves LO, Starling MCVM, Leal CD, Oliveira DVM, Araújo JC, Leão MMD, Amorim CC, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 26, 4521 (2019)
Romero JAP, Junior FSSC, Figueiredo RT, Silva DP, Cavalcanti EB, Sep. Sci. Technol., 48, 2073 (2013)
Solís R, Rivas FJ, J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng., 54, 118 (2019)
Brito GFS, Oliveira R, Grisolia CK, Guirra LS, Weber IT, Almeida FV, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 375, 85 (2019)
Bharathiraja B, Yogendran D, Kumar RR, Chakravarthy M, Palani S, Int. J. ChemTech Res., 6, 4417 (2014)
Siddiquee MN, Rohani S, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 15, 1067 (2011)
Daud NM, Abdullah SRS, Hasan HA, Yaakob Z, Process Saf. Environ. Protect., 94, 487 (2015)
Ngamlerdpokin K, Kumjadpai S, Chatanon P, Tungmanee U, Chuenchuanchom S, Jaruwat P, Lertsathitphongs P, Hunsom M, J. Environ. Manage., 92, 2454 (2011)
Atadashi IM, Aroua MK, Aziz ARA, Sulaiman NMN, J. Membr. Sci., 421-422, 154 (2012)
Berrios M, Skelton RL, Chem. Eng. J., 144, 459 (2008)
Atadashi IM, Aroua MK, Aziz AA, Renew. Energy, 36, 437 (2011)
Leung DYC, Wu X, Leung MKH, Appl. Energy, 87, 1083 (2010)
Srirangsan A, Ongwandee M, Chavalparit O, Environ. Asia, 2, 15 (2009)
Jaruwat P, Kongjao S, Hunsom M, Energy Conv. Manag., 51, 531 (2010)
Suehara KI, Kawamoto Y, Fujii E, Kohda J, Nakano Y, Yano T, J. Biosci. Bioeng., 100, 437 (2005)
Veljković VB, Stamenković OS, Tasić MB, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 32, 40 (2014)
Rattanapan C, Sawain A, Suksaroj T, Suksaroj C, Desalination, 280(1-3), 370 (2011)
Sawin A, Taweepreda W, Puetpaiboon U, Suksaroj C, Thai. J. Environ. Eng., 24, 57 (2010)
Kumjadpai S, Ngamlerdpokin K, Chatanon P, Lertsathitphongs P, Hunsom M, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 89, 369 (2011)
Phalakornkulea C, Mangmeemak J, Intrachod K, Nuntakumjorn B, ScienceAsia, 36, 142 (2010)
Ghanbari F, Wang Q, Hassani A, Wacławek S, Rodríguez-Chueca J, Lin KYA, Chemosphere, 279, 30610 (2021)
Özcan A, Doctoral thesis, Anadolu University - Turkey (2010).
Barrera-Díaz C, Ureña-Nuñez F, Campos E, Palomar-Pardave M, Romero-Romo M, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 67, 657 (2003)
Brillas E, Sirés I, Oturan MA, Chem. Rev., 109, 6570 (2009)
Mohajeri S, Aziz HA, Isa MH, Zahed MA, Adlan MN, J. Hazard. Mater., 176, 749 (2010)
Fockedey E, Lierde AV, Water Res., 36, 4169 (2002)
Makadia AJ, Nanavati JI, Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed., 46, 1521 (2013)
Foroughi M, Rahmani AR, Asgari G, Nematollahi D, Yetilmezsoy K, Samarghandi MR, Fresenius Environ. Bull., 27, 1914 (2018)
Ahmadi M, Rahmani K, Rahmani A, Rahmani H, Polish J. Chem. Technol., 19, 104 (2017)
Kaur P, Sangal VK, Kushwaha JP, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 16, 801 (2019)
Mohadesi M, Shokri A, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 16, 7349 (2019)
APHA, Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater, 21th ed., American Public Health Association. American Public Health Association (2005).
Guvenc SY, Okut Y, Ozak M, Haktanir B, Bilgili MS, Water Sci. Technol., 75(4), 833 (2017)
Kobya M, Delipinar S, J. Hazard. Mater., 154, 1133 (2008)
Erabee IK, Ahsan A, Jose B, Arunkumar T, Sathyamurthy R, Idrus S, Daud NN, J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng., 52(8), 735 (2017)
Gengec E, Kobya M, Demirbas E, Akyol A, Oktor K, Water Sci. Technol., 65, 2183 (2012)
Mohajeri L, Aziz HA, Isa MH, Zahed MA, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 893 (2010)
Zhang H, Fei C, Zhang D, Tang F, J. Hazard. Mater., 145, 227 (2007)
Varank G, Guvenc SY, Gurbuz G, Engin GO, Desalin. Water Treat., 57, 25460 (2016)
Guvenc SY, Erkan HS, Varank G, Bilgili MS, Engin GO, Water Sci. Technol., 76, 2015 (2017)
Saini R, Kumar P, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 4(3), 2952 (2016)
Sabour MR, Amiri A, Waste Manage., 65, 54 (2017)
Khodadoust S, Ghaedi M, Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr., 133, 87 (2014)
Karimifard S, Moghaddam MRA, Sci. Total Environ., 640-641, 772 (2018)
Myburgh DP, Aziz M, Roman F, Jardim J, Chakawa S, Environ. Process, 6, 819 (2019)
Amani-Ghadim AR, Aber S, Olad A, Ashassi-Sorkhabi H, Chem. Eng. Process., 64, 68 (2013)
Sahu O, Mazumdar B, Chaudhari PK, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 16, 1527 (2019)
Yetilmezsoy K, Demirel S, Vanderbei RJ, J. Hazard. Mater., 171, 551 (2009)
Nair AT, Makwana AR, Ahammed MM, Water Sci. Technol., 69, 464 (2014)
Khataee AR, Fathinia M, Aber S, Zarei M, J. Hazard. Mater., 181, 886 (2010)
Zinatizadeh AAL, Mohamed AR, Abdullah AZ, Mashitah MD, Isa MH, Najafpour GD, Water Res., 40, 3193 (2006)
Ahmad AL, Wong SS, Teng TT, Zuhairi A, J. Hazard. Mater., 145, 162 (2007)
Oukili K, Mediterr ML, J. Chem., 8, 410 (2019)
Li R, Pan J, Yan M, Yang J, Qin W, Liu Y, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 98, 484 (2020)
Shokoohi R, Torkshavand Z, Zolghadnasab H, Alikhani MY, Hemmat MS, Water Sci. Technol., 2017, 1 (2018)
Binnal P, Babu PN, South African J. Chem. Eng., 23, 26 (2017)
Chavalparit O, Ongwandee M, J. Environ. Sci., 21, 1491 (2009)
Ahmadi S, Sardari E, Javadian HR, Katal R, Sefti MV, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 30, 634 (2013)
Gonçalves LO, Starling MCVM, Leal CD, Oliveira DVM, Araújo JC, Leão MMD, Amorim CC, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 26, 4521 (2019)
Romero JAP, Junior FSSC, Figueiredo RT, Silva DP, Cavalcanti EB, Sep. Sci. Technol., 48, 2073 (2013)
Solís R, Rivas FJ, J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng., 54, 118 (2019)
Brito GFS, Oliveira R, Grisolia CK, Guirra LS, Weber IT, Almeida FV, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 375, 85 (2019)
